As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 5.4
• ATTENTION: Exploitable locally
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: License Server
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Privilege Management, Improper Certificate Validation

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow a low-privileged local user to escalate privileges or perform arbitrary code execution.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• License Server (SLS): All versions before V4.3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

The affected application searches for executable files in the application folder without proper validation. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with administrative privileges by placing a malicious executable in the same directory.

CVE-2025-29999 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-29999. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER CERTIFICATE VALIDATION CWE-295

The affected application does not properly restrict permissions of the users. This could allow a lowly-privileged attacker to escalate their privileges.

CVE-2025-30000 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30000. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Chemical, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Intel PSIRT reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released a new version for Siemens License Server (SLS)
and recommends updating to the latest version:

• Siemens License Server (SLS): Update to V4.3 or later version. (login required)

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-525431 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely. These vulnerabilities have a high attack complexity.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication

 

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.1
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SIDIS Prime
• Vulnerabilities: Race Condition Enabling Link Following, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, Unchecked Input for Loop Condition, Expected Behavior Violation, Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality, Heap-based Buffer Overflow, Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, Use After Free, NULL Pointer Dereference, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Out-of-bounds Write, Improper Input Validation, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute unauthorized deletions, cause denial of service, corrupt application state, leak sensitive information, or potentially execute remote code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• SIDIS Prime: All versions before V4.0.700

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 RACE CONDITION ENABLING LINK FOLLOWING CWE-363

Rust is a multi-paradigm, general-purpose programming language designed for performance and safety, especially safe concurrency. The Rust Security Response WG was notified that the std::fs::remove_dir_all standard library function is vulnerable to a race condition enabling symlink following (CWE-363). An attacker could use this security issue to trick a privileged program into deleting files and directories the attacker couldn't otherwise access or delete. Rust 1.0.0 through Rust 1.58.0 is affected by this vulnerability with 1.58.1 containing a patch. Note that the following build targets don't have usable APIs to properly mitigate the attack and are thus still vulnerable even with a patched toolchain: macOS before version 10.10 (Yosemite) and REDOX. It is recommended to update to Rust 1.58.1 as soon as possible, especially people developing programs expected to run in privileged contexts (including system daemons and setuid binaries), as those have the highest risk of being affected by this. Note that adding checks in your codebase before calling remove_dir_all will not mitigate the vulnerability, as they would also be vulnerable to race conditions like remove_dir_all itself. The existing mitigation is working as intended outside of race conditions.

CVE-2022-21658 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-21658. A base score of 5.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354

The AES-SIV cipher implementation contains a bug that causes it to ignore empty associated data entries which are unauthenticated as a consequence. Applications that use the AES-SIV algorithm and want to authenticate empty data entries as associated data can be misled by removing adding or reordering such empty entries as these are ignored by the OpenSSL implementation. We are currently unaware of any such applications. The AES-SIV algorithm allows for authentication of multiple associated data entries along with the encryption. To authenticate empty data the application has to call EVP_EncryptUpdate() (or EVP_CipherUpdate()) with NULL pointer as the output buffer and 0 as the input buffer length. The AES-SIV implementation in OpenSSL just returns success for such a call instead of performing the associated data authentication operation. The empty data thus will not be authenticated. As this issue does not affect non-empty associated data authentication and we expect it to be rare for an application to use empty associated data entries this is qualified as a low-severity issue.

CVE-2023-2975 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-2975. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 UNCHECKED INPUT FOR LOOP CONDITION CWE-606

Checking excessively long DH keys or parameters may be very slow. Applications that use the functions DH_check(), DH_check_ex() or EVP_PKEY_param_check() to check a DH key or DH parameters may experience long delays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained from an untrusted source this may lead to a denial of service. The function DH_check() performs various checks on DH parameters. One of those checks confirms that the modulus ('p' parameter) is not too large. Trying to use a very large modulus is slow and OpenSSL will not normally use a modulus which is over 10,000 bits in length. However, the DH_check() function checks numerous aspects of the key or parameters that have been supplied. Some of those checks use the supplied modulus value even if it has already been found to be too large. An application that calls DH_check() and supplies a key or parameters obtained from an untrusted source could be vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack. The function DH_check() is itself called by a number of other OpenSSL functions. An application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected. The other functions affected by this are DH_check_ex() and EVP_PKEY_param_check(). Also vulnerable are the OpenSSL dhparam and pkeyparam command line applications when using the '-check' option. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-3446 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-3446. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 EXPECTED BEHAVIOR VIOLATION CWE-440

The POLY1305 MAC (message authentication code) implementation contains a bug that might corrupt the internal state of applications on the Windows 64 platform when running on newer X86_64 processors supporting the AVX512-IFMA instructions. If in an application that uses the OpenSSL library an attacker can influence whether the POLY1305 MAC algorithm is used, the application state might be corrupted with various application dependent consequences. The POLY1305 MAC (message authentication code) implementation in OpenSSL does not save the contents of non-volatile XMM registers on the Windows 64 platform when calculating the MAC of data larger than 64 bytes. Before returning to the caller all the XMM registers are set to zero rather than restoring their previous content. The vulnerable code is used only on newer x86_64 processors supporting the AVX512-IFMA instructions. The consequences of this kind of internal application state corruption can be various - from no consequences, if the calling application does not depend on the contents of non-volatile XMM registers at all, to the worst consequences, where the attacker could get complete control of the application process. However given the contents of the registers are just zeroized so the attacker cannot put arbitrary values inside, the most likely consequence, if any, would be an incorrect result of some application dependent calculations or a crash leading to a denial of service. The POLY1305 MAC algorithm is most frequently used as part of the CHACHA20-POLY1305 AEAD (authenticated encryption with associated data) algorithm. The most common usage of this AEAD cipher is with TLS protocol versions 1.2 and 1.3 and a malicious client can influence whether this AEAD cipher is used by the server. This implies that server applications using OpenSSL can be potentially impacted. However we are currently not aware of any concrete application that would be affected by this issue therefore we consider this a low-severity security issue. As a workaround the AVX512-IFMA instructions support can be disabled at runtime by setting the environment variable OPENSSL_ia32cap: OPENSSL_ia32cap=:~0x200000 The FIPS provider is not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-4807 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-4807. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 INCORRECT PROVISION OF SPECIFIED FUNCTIONALITY CWE-684

A bug has been identified in the processing of key and initialization vector (IV) lengths. This can lead to potential truncation or overruns during the initialization of some symmetric ciphers. A truncation in the IV can result in non-uniqueness which could result in loss of confidentiality for some cipher modes. When calling EVP_EncryptInit_ex2(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex2() or EVP_CipherInit_ex2() the provided OSSL_PARAM array is processed after the key and IV have been established. Any alterations to the key length, via the "keylen" parameter or the IV length, via the "ivlen" parameter, within the OSSL_PARAM array will not take effect as intended, potentially causing truncation or overreading of these values. The following ciphers and cipher modes are impacted: RC2, RC4, RC5, CCM, GCM and OCB. For the CCM, GCM and OCB cipher modes, truncation of the IV can result in loss of confidentiality. For example, when following NIST's SP 800-38D section 8.2.1 guidance for constructing a deterministic IV for AES in GCM mode, truncation of the counter portion could lead to IV reuse. Both truncations and overruns of the key and overruns of the IV will produce incorrect results and could, in some cases, trigger a memory exception. However, these issues are not currently assessed as security critical. Changing the key and/or IV lengths is not considered to be a common operation and the vulnerable API was recently introduced. Furthermore, it is likely that application developers will have spotted this problem during testing since decryption would fail unless both peers in the communication were similarly vulnerable. For these reasons we expect the probability of an application being vulnerable to this to be quite low. However, if an application is vulnerable then this issue is considered very serious. For these reasons, this issue is assessed as moderate severity overall. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this because the issue lies outside of the FIPS provider boundary. OpenSSL 3.1 and 3.0 are vulnerable to this issue.

CVE-2023-5363 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-5363. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 UNCHECKED INPUT FOR LOOP CONDITION CWE-606

Generating excessively long X9.42 DH keys or checking excessively long X9.42 DH keys or parameters may be very slow. Applications that use the functions DH_generate_key() to generate an X9.42 DH key may experience long delays. Likewise, applications that use DH_check_pub_key(), DH_check_pub_key_ex() or EVP_PKEY_public_check() to check an X9.42 DH key or X9.42 DH parameters may experience long delays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained from an untrusted source this may lead to a denial of service. While DH_check() performs all the necessary checks (as of CVE-2023-3817), DH_check_pub_key() doesn't make any of these checks and is therefore vulnerable for excessively large P and Q parameters. Likewise, while DH_generate_key() performs a check for an excessively large P, it doesn't check for an excessively large Q. An application that calls DH_generate_key() or DH_check_pub_key() and supplies a key or parameters obtained from an untrusted source could be vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack. DH_generate_key() and DH_check_pub_key() are also called by a number of other OpenSSL functions. An application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected. The other functions affected by this are DH_check_pub_key_ex(), EVP_PKEY_public_check(), and EVP_PKEY_generate(). Also vulnerable are the OpenSSL pkey command line application when using the "-pubcheck" option, as well as the OpenSSL genpkey command line application. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-5678 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-5678. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122

A vulnerability was found in SQLite SQLite3 up to 3.43.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function sessionReadRecord of the file ext/session/sqlite3session.c of the component make alltest Handler. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

CVE-2023-7104 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-7104. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319

Microsoft.Data.SqlClient and System.Data.SqlClient SQL data provider security feature bypass vulnerability.

CVE-2024-0056 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0056. A base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A heap use-after-free issue has been identified in SQLite in the jsonParseAddNodeArray() function in sqlite3.c. This flaw allows a local attacker to leverage a victim to pass specially crafted malicious input to the application, potentially causing a crash and leading to a denial of service.

CVE-2024-0232 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0232. A base score of 5.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

Processing a maliciously formatted PKCS12 file may lead OpenSSL to crash leading to a potential denial-of-service attack. Applications loading files in the PKCS12 format from untrusted sources might terminate abruptly. A file in PKCS12 format can contain certificates and keys and may come from an untrusted source. The PKCS12 specification allows certain fields to be NULL, but OpenSSL does not correctly check for this case. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference that results in OpenSSL crashing. If an application processes PKCS12 files from an untrusted source using the OpenSSL APIs then that application will be vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL APIs that are vulnerable to this are: PKCS12_parse(), PKCS12_unpack_p7data(), PKCS12_unpack_p7encdata(), PKCS12_unpack_authsafes() and PKCS12_newpass(). A similar issue was also fixed in SMIME_write_PKCS7(). However, since this function is related to writing data it is not considered security significant. The FIPS modules in 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2024-0727 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0727. A base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

Calling the OpenSSL API function SSL_select_next_proto with an empty supported client protocols buffer may cause a crash or memory contents to be sent to the peer. A buffer overread can have a range of potential consequences such as unexpected application behavior or a crash. In particular this issue could result in up to 255 bytes of arbitrary private data from memory being sent to the peer leading to a loss of confidentiality. However, only applications that directly call the SSL_select_next_proto function with a zero-length list of supported client protocols are affected by this issue. This would normally never be a valid scenario and is typically not under attacker control but may occur by accident in the case of a configuration or programming error in the calling application. The OpenSSL API function SSL_select_next_proto is typically used by TLS applications that support ALPN (Application Layer Protocol Negotiation) or NPN (Next Protocol Negotiation). NPN is older, was never standardized, and is deprecated in favor of ALPN. We believe that ALPN is significantly more widely deployed than NPN. The SSL_select_next_proto function accepts a list of protocols from the server and a list of protocols from the client and returns the first protocol that appears in the server list that also appears in the client list. In the case of no overlap between the two lists it returns the first item in the client list. In either case it will signal whether an overlap between the two lists was found. In the case where SSL_select_next_proto is called with a zero-length client list it fails to notice this condition and returns the memory immediately following the client list pointer (and reports that there was no overlap in the lists). This function is typically called from a server side application callback for ALPN or a client side application callback for NPN. In the case of ALPN the list of protocols supplied by the client is guaranteed by libssl to never be zero in length. The list of server protocols comes from the application and should never normally be expected to be of zero-length. In this case if the SSL_select_next_proto function has been called as expected (with the list supplied by the client passed in the client/client_len parameters), then the application will not be vulnerable to this issue. If the application has accidentally been configured with a zero-length server list, and has accidentally passed that zero-length server list in the client/client_len parameters, and has additionally failed to correctly handle a "no overlap" response (which would normally result in a handshake failure in ALPN) then it will be vulnerable to this problem. In the case of NPN, the protocol permits the client to opportunistically select a protocol when there is no overlap. OpenSSL returns the first client protocol in the no overlap case in support of this. The list of client protocols comes from the application and should never normally be expected to be of zero-length. However, if the SSL_select_next_proto function is accidentally called with a client_len of 0 then an invalid memory pointer will be returned instead. If the application uses this output as the opportunistic protocol then the loss of confidentiality will occur. This issue has been assessed as low severity because applications are most likely to be vulnerable if they are using NPN instead of ALPN - but NPN is not widely used. It also requires an application configuration or programming error. Finally, this issue would not typically be under attacker control making active exploitation unlikely. The FIPS modules in 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue. Due to the low severity of this issue, there is not a new release of OpenSSL at this time. The fix will be included in the next releases when they become available.

CVE-2024-5535 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5535. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.12 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

Use of the low-level GF(2m) elliptic curve APIs with untrusted explicit values for the field polynomial can lead to out-of-bounds memory reads or writes. Out-of-bound memory writes can lead to an application crash or even a possibility of a remote code execution, however, in all the protocols involving elliptic curve cryptography that we're aware of, either only "named curves" are supported, or, if explicit curve parameters are supported, they specify an X9.62 encoding of binary (GF(2m)) curves that can't represent problematic input values. Thus, the likelihood of existence of a vulnerable application is low. In particular, the X9.62 encoding is used for ECC keys in X.509 certificates, so problematic inputs cannot occur in the context of processing X.509 certificates. Any problematic use-cases would have to be using an "exotic" curve encoding. The affected APIs include: EC_GROUP_new_curve_GF2m(), EC_GROUP_new_from_params(), and various supporting BN_GF2m_*() functions. Applications working with "exotic" explicit binary (GF(2m)) curve parameters, that make it possible to represent invalid field polynomials with a zero constant term, via the above or similar APIs, may terminate abruptly as a result of reading or writing outside of array bounds. Remote code execution cannot easily be ruled out. The FIPS modules in 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2024-9143 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-9143. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.13 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

Microsoft identity denial-of-service vulnerability.

CVE-2024-21319 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-21319. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.14 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

.NET and Visual Studio denial-of-service vulnerability.

CVE-2024-30105 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-30105. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Chemical, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens ProductCERT reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released a new version of SIDIS Prime and recommends updating to the latest version:

• SIDIS Prime: Update to V4.0.700 or a later version

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-277137 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.3
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Solid Edge SE2024, Solid Edge SE2025
• Vulnerability: Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Solid Edge SE2024: All versions prior to V224.0 Update 12
• Siemens Solid Edge SE2025: All versions prior to V225.0 Update 3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

The affected application contains an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated buffer while parsing X_T data or a specially crafted file in X_T format. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.

CVE-2024-54091 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-54091. A base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Solid Edge SE2024: Update to V224.0 Update 12 or later version
• Solid Edge SE2025: Update to V225.0 Update 3 or later version
• Do not open untrusted X_T files or provide untrusted X_T data to affected applications

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-672923 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens Advisory SSA-672923

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Industrial Edge Devices
• Vulnerability: Weak Authentication

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication and impersonate a legitimate user.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Industrial Edge Own Device (IEOD): All versions prior to V1.21.1-1-a
• Siemens Industrial Edge Virtual Device: All versions prior to V1.21.1-1-a
• Siemens SCALANCE LPE9413 (6GK5998-3GS01-2AC2): All versions
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC127E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior to V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC227E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC427E Industrial Edge Device: All versions
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC847E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC BX-39A Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC BX-59A Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 WEAK AUTHENTICATION CWE-1390

The affected devices do not properly enforce user authentication on specific API endpoints when identity federation is used. This could facilitate an unauthenticated remote attacker to circumvent authentication and impersonate a legitimate user.

CVE-2024-54092 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-54092. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• SCALANCE LPE9413 (6GK5998-3GS01-2AC2), SIMATIC IPC427E Industrial Edge Device: Currently no fix is available
• Industrial Edge Virtual Device: Update to V1.21.1-1-a or later version
• Industrial Edge Own Device (IEOD): Update to V1.21.1-1-a or later version
• SIMATIC IPC BX-39A Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC BX-59A Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC127E Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC227E Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC847E Industrial Edge Device: Update to V3.0 or later version
• Ensure network access to affected products is limited to trusted parties only

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-634640 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens SSA-634640

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 9.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Insights Hub Private Cloud
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Input Validation, Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to perform arbitrary code execution, disclose information, or lead to a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Insights Hub Private Cloud: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the auth-tls-match-cn Ingress annotation can be used to inject configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1097 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the mirror-target and mirror-host Ingress annotations can be used to inject arbitrary configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller, and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1098 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.3 IMPROPER ISOLATION OR COMPARTMENTALIZATION CWE-653

A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes where under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with access to the pod network can achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller. This can lead to disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1974 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.4 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where attacker-provided data are included in a filename by the ingress-nginx Admission Controller feature, resulting in directory traversal within the container. This could result in denial-of-service, or when combined with other vulnerabilities, limited disclosure of Secret objects from the cluster.

CVE-2025-24513 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L).

3.2.5 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the auth-url Ingress annotation can be used to inject configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller, and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-24514 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Insights Hub Private Cloud: Contact customer support to receive patch and update information

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-817234 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens Advisory SSA-817234

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 10.0
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'), Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), Unverified Password Change

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges or allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to read or clear the log files on the device, reset the device, set the date and time, access arbitrary files on the device with root privileges, or enable remote access to the device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the input parameters in specific GET requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41788 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41788. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the language parameter in specific POST requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41789 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41789. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.3 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the region parameter in specific POST requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41790 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41790. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.4 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The web interface of affected devices does not authenticate report creation requests. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to read or clear the log files on the device, reset the device or set the date and time.

CVE-2024-41791 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41791. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

The web interface of affected devices contains a path traversal vulnerability. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to access arbitrary files on the device with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41792 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41792. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The web interface of affected devices provides an endpoint that allows to enable the SSH service without authentication. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to enable remote access to the device via SSH.

CVE-2024-41793 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41793. A base score of 7.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N).

3.2.7 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

Affected devices contain hardcoded credentials for remote access to the device operating system with root privileges. This could allow unauthenticated remote attackers to gain full access to a device, if they are in possession of these credentials and if the SSH service is enabled (e.g., by exploitation of CVE-2024-41793).

CVE-2024-41794 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41794. A base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.8 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352

The web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to change arbitrary device settings by tricking a legitimate device administrator to click on a malicious link.

CVE-2024-41795 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41795. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 UNVERIFIED PASSWORD CHANGE CWE-620

The web interface of affected devices allows changing the login password without knowing the current password. In combination with a prepared CSRF attack (CVE-2024-41795) an unauthenticated attacker could be able to set the password to an attacker-controlled value.

CVE-2024-41796 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41796. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens Energy reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

To fix the vulnerabilities, Siemens recommends users replace vulnerable devices with the new SENTRON 7KT PAC1261 Data Manager and update it to the latest available firmware version.

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• (CVE-2024-41795, CVE-2024-41796) SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager: Do not access links from untrusted sources while logged in at affected devices.

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-187636 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemens SSA-187636

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.5
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: Arena
• Vulnerabilities: Use of Uninitialized Variable, Out-of-bounds Write, Out-of-bounds Read, Stack-based Buffer Overflow

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could disclose information to an attacker or allow execution of arbitrary code on the system.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports the following versions of Arena simulation software are affected:

• Arena: Versions 16.20.08 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2285 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2285. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2286. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2287 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2287. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2288 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2288. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2293 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2293. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2829 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2829. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3285 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3285. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3286. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3287 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3287. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3288 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3288. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 Stack-based Buffer Overflow CWE-121

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a stack-based memory buffer overflow. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3289 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3289. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation recommends users upgrade to V16.20.09 or later.

For information on how to mitigate security risks on industrial automation control systems, Rockwell Automation encourages users to implement their suggested security best practices (login required) to minimize the risk of the vulnerability.

For more information about these issues, please see the Rockwell Automation security advisory SD1726.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication of Rockwell Automation security advisory SD1726.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Subnet Solutions Inc.
• Equipment: PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) 2020
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-Bounds Read, Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Subnet Solutions products are affected:

• PowerSYSTEM Center 2020: Versions 5.24.x and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

PowerSYSTEM Center's SMTPS notification service can be affected by importing an EC certificate with crafted F2m parameters, which can lead to excessive CPU consumption during the evaluation of the curve parameters.

CVE-2025-31354 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31354. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 DESERIALIZATION OF UNTRUSTED DATA CWE-502

PowerSYSTEM Center is affected by a mishandling of exceptional conditions vulnerability. Crafted data that is passed to the API may trigger an exception, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2025-31935 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31935. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Canada

3.4 RESEARCHER

Subnet Solutions Inc. reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Subnet Solutions Inc. recommends users update PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) to the latest versions:

• PSC 2020 Update 25
• PSC 2024

If updating PSC is not possible, Subnet Solutions Inc recommends users apply the following mitigations to help reduce risk:

• Disable Notification Service, Email Dispatch Service, or the outgoing email server in Notifications/Settings.
• Configure PowerSYSTEM Center DCS network firewall to only allow connections to an approved and authorized email server.
• Manage administrator access to PowerSYSTEM Center DCS operating system.
• Monitor user activity records to ensure users are following acceptable usage policies of the application.

For assistance with updating PSC, reach out directly to Subnet Solutions.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: Arctic Wireless Gateways
• Vulnerabilities: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Improper Privilege Management, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could run arbitrary code in the product with privileged user permissions or could lead to a denial of service or tampering with unencrypted traffic.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports there are vulnerabilities in the Telit PL62-W wireless modem module used in the following products:

• Arctic ARP600, ARC600, ARR600: Firmware versions 3.4.10, 3.4.11, 3.4.12, 3.4.13 (CVE-2024-6387)
• Arctic Wireless Gateways ARG600, ARC600, ARR600: All versions with Telit PLS62-W wireless modem module (CVE-2023-47610, CVE-2023-47611, CVE-2023-47612, CVE-2023-47613, CVE-2023-47614, CVE-2023-47615, CVE-2023-47616)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 BUFFER COPY WITHOUT CHECKING SIZE OF INPUT ('CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW') CWE-120

A buffer overflow vulnerability could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the targeted system by sending a specially crafted short message service (SMS) message.

CVE-2023-47610 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47610. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

An improper privilege management vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to elevate privileges to "manufacturer" level on the targeted system by sending a specially crafted SMS message.

CVE-2023-47611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47611. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

Files or directories accessible to an external parties vulnerability could allow an attacker with physical access to the target system to obtain a read/write access to any files and directories on the wireless modem module, including hidden files and directories.

CVE-2023-47612 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47612. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

A relative path traversal vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to escape from virtual directories and get read/write access to protected files on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47613 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47613. A base score of 2.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose hidden virtual paths and file names on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47614 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47614. A base score of 2.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information through environmental variables vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to get access to sensitive data on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47615 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47615. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor vulnerability could allow an attacker with physical access to the target system to get access to sensitive data on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47616 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47616. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION ('RACE CONDITION') CWE-362

This vulnerability is a signal handler race condition in OpenSSH's server (sshd) on glibc-based Linux systems, allowing unauthenticated remote code execution as root.

CVE-2024-6387 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-6387. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ABB recommends users to perform the following actions at their earliest convenience:

• Modem module vulnerability mitigations: Mitigate the cellular module vulnerabilities by contacting the mobile network operator and requesting to disable binary SMS for a mobile subscription. Note that binary SMS service is often disabled by default based on operator restrictions. If SMS services are not used in the solution, consider disabling them completely.
• SSH vulnerability mitigations: Establish remote connections through OpenVPN. If the SSH protocol is used for remote administration of Arctic wireless gateway, it is to be considered logging in to the wireless gateway through an OpenVPN tunnel. Do not expose SSH port to public networks. Keep the SSH port closed to public networks and thus limit the number of potential attackers who can attempt to exploit the vulnerability. This way only devices within the private network or those connected through a secure VPN can access the SSH server.
• Common mitigations: Obtain a private cellular access point to limit impact of any potential exploit. Contact the cellular provider for availability. Restrict physical access to the product. Follow general security recommendations for further advice on how to keep the system secure.

For more information, please refer to ABB's Cybersecurity Advisory 2NGA002427.

ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of cyber security practices for any installation of software-related ABB products:

• Isolate special purpose networks (e.g., for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls and separate them from any general purpose network (e.g., office or home networks).
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access the devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Never connect programming software or computers containing programing software to any network other than the network for the devices that it is intended for.
• Scan all data imported into your environment before use to detect potential malware infections.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires such.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date in terms of installed software, operating system, and firmware patches as well as anti-virus and firewall.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Re-publication of ABB 2NGA002427.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: RTU500 series
• Vulnerabilities: Null Pointer Dereference, Insufficient Resource Pool, Missing Synchronization

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Hitachi Energy products are affected:

• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.0.1 - 12.0.14 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.2.1 - 12.2.12 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.4.1 - 12.4.11 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.6.1 - 12.6.10 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.7.1 - 12.7.7 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.2.1 - 13.2.7 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.4.1 - 13.4.4 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.5.1 - 13.5.3 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.6.1 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.7.1 (CVE-2024-11499)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.7.1 - 13.7.4 (CVE-2024-12169, CVE-2025-1445)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A vulnerability exists in the RTU500 web server component that can cause a denial of service to the RTU500 CMU application if a specially crafted message sequence is executed on a WebSocket connection. An attacker must be properly authenticated and the test mode function of RTU500 must be enabled to exploit this vulnerability. The affected CMU will automatically recover itself if an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability.

CVE-2024-10037 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10037. A base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A vulnerability exists in RTU500 IEC 60870-4-104 controlled station functionality, that allows an authenticated and authorized attacker to perform a CMU re-start. The vulnerability can be triggered if certificates are updated while in use on active connections. The affected CMU will automatically recover itself if an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability.

CVE-2024-11499 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-11499. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 INSUFFICIENT RESOURCE POOL CWE-410

A vulnerability exists in RTU500 IEC 60870-5-104 controlled station functionality and IEC 61850 functionality, that allows an attacker performing a specific attack sequence to restart the affected CMU. This vulnerability only applies, if secure communication using IEC 62351-3 (TLS) is enabled.

CVE-2024-12169 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-12169. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 MISSING SYNCHRONIZATION CWE-820

A vulnerability exists in RTU IEC 61850 client and server functionality that could impact the availability if renegotiation of an open IEC61850 TLS connection takes place in specific timing situations, when IEC61850 communication is active. Precondition is that IEC61850 as client or server are configured using TLS on RTU500 device. It affects the CMU the IEC61850 stack is configured on.

CVE-2025-1445 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1445. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Hitachi Energy reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• For all versions, apply general mitigation factors/workarounds. Upgrade the system once remediated version is available, or apply general mitigation factors.
• RTU500 series CMU 12.0.1 - 12.0.14, 12.2.1 - 12.2.12, 12.4.1 - 12.4.11, 12.6.1 - 12.6.10, 12.7.1 - 12.7.7: Update to version 12.7.8 when available.
• RTU500 series CMU version 13.2.1 - 13.2.7, 13.4.1 - 13.4.4, 13.5.1 - 13.5.3, 13.6.1: Update to version 13.7.1
• RTU500 series CMU 13.5.1 - 13.5.3: Update to version 13.5.4 when available.
• RTU500 series CMU 13.6.1: Update to version 13.6.2 when available.
• (CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2025-1445) RTU500 series CMU 13.7.1 - 13.7.4: Update to version 13.7.6 when available.
• (CVE-2024-12169) RTU500 series CMU 13.4.1 - 13.4.4, 13.5.1 - 13.5.3, 13.6.1, 13.7.1 - 13.7.4: Update to version 13.7.6 when available.

For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000207 Cybersecurity Advisory - Multiple Denial-of-Service Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy's RTU500 Series Product.

Hitachi Energy recommends users implement recommended security practices and firewall configurations to help protect the process control network from attacks originating from outside the network. Process control systems should be physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and be separated from other networks by means of a firewall system with a minimal number of ports exposed. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy 8DBD000207

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: TRMTracker
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute limited remote commands, poison web-cache, or disclose and modify sensitive information.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following products are affected:

• TRMTracker: Versions 6.2.04 and prior
• TRMTracker: Versions 6.3.0 and 6.3.01

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection') CWE-90

The TRMTracker web application is vulnerable to LDAP injection attack potentially allowing an attacker to inject code into a query and execute remote commands that can read and update data on the website.

CVE-2025-27631 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27631. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') CWE-74

A Host Header Injection vulnerability in TRMTracker application may allow an attacker to modify the host header value in an HTTP request to leverage multiple attack vectors, including defacing the site content through web-cache poisoning

CVE-2025-27632 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27632. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.2.3 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') CWE-79

The TRMTracker web application is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting attack. The application allows clientside code injection that might be used to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of the system.

CVE-2025-27633 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27633. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd, South Africa reported these vulnerabilities to Hitachi Energy.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy recommends users update to the following versions:

• TRMTracker Versions 6.2.04 and below: Update to v6.2.04.014 or v6.3.02
• TRMTracker Versions 6.3.0 and 6.3.01: Update to v6.3.02
• Apply general mitigation factors

For more information, see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000210 Cybersecurity Advisory - Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy TRMTracker product.

Hitachi Energy recommends users implement recommended security practices and firewall configurations to help protect the process control network from attacks originating from outside the network. Process control systems should be physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and be separated from other networks by means of a firewall system with a minimal number of ports exposed. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system. Proper password policies and processes should be followed.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy 8DBD000210

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 8.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: ACS880 Drives with IEC 61131-3 license
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Input Validation, Out-of-bounds Write, Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain full access to the device or cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports that the following low-voltage DC drive and power controller products contain a vulnerable version of CODESYS Runtime:

• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 Primary Control Program AINLX: Versions prior to v3.47
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 Primary Control Program YINLX: Versions prior to v1.30
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program AISLX: Versions prior to v3.43
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program ALHLX: Versions prior to v3.43
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YISLX: Versions prior v1.30
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YLHLX: Versions prior v1.30
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 Position Control Program APCLX: Versions up to and including v1.04.0.5
• ABB ACS880 Drives ACS880 Test Bench Control Program ATBLX: Versions up to and including v3.44.0.0

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

After successful authentication as a user in multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppForce component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37559 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

After successful authentication as a user in multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppForce component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37558 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.3 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

After successful authentication as a user in multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, specific crafted remote communication requests can cause the CmpAppBP component to overwrite a heap-based buffer which can lead to a denial-of-service condition

CVE-2023-37557 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.4 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37556 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.5 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37555 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.6 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37554 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.7 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37553 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.8 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37552 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.9 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37550 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.10 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37549 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.11 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37548 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.12 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37547 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.13 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37546 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.14 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple CODESYS products in multiple versions, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37545 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.15 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER CWE-119

In CODESYS Control in multiple versions a improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer allow an remote attacker with user privileges to gain full access of the device.

CVE-2022-4046 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB PSIRT reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ABB has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• ACS880 Primary Control Program AINLX, ACS880 Primary Control Program YINLX, ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program AISLX, ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program ALHLX, ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YISLX, ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YLHLX: In latest firmware versions for the affected products, ABB has mitigated the CODESYS Runtime System vulnerabilities. IEC online programming communication is disabled by default. As a result, CODESYS tools communication with the drive is disabled. ABB recommends that users apply the firmware update at earliest convenience. For situations where firmware update is not feasible, please set parameter 196.102 to bit 2 to disable file download for further bit description, please refer to drive
  firmware manual.
• ACS880 Position Control Program APCLX, ACS880 Test Bench Control Program ATBLX: For situations where firmware update is not feasible, please set parameter 196.102 to bit 2 to disable file download, for further bit description, please refer to drive
  firmware manual.

The following product versions have been fixed:

• ACS880 Primary Control Program AINLX: Versions v3.47 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2022-4046, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2023-37555, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37545.
• ACS880 Primary Control Program YINLX: Versions v1.30 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2022-4046, CVE-2023-37545, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37555.
• ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program AISLX: Versions v3.43 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2023-37555, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37545, CVE-2022-4046.
• ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program ALHLX: Versions v3.43 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2023-37555, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37545, CVE-2022-4046.
• ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YISLX: Versions v1.30 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2023-37555, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37545, CVE-2022-4046.
• ACS880 IGBT Supply Control Program YLHLX: Versions v1.30 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2023-37559, CVE-2023-37558, CVE-2023-37557, CVE-2023-37556, CVE-2023-37555, CVE-2023-37554, CVE-2023-37553, CVE-2023-37552, CVE-2023-37550, CVE-2023-37549, CVE-2023-37548, CVE-2023-37547, CVE-2023-37546, CVE-2023-37545, CVE-2022-4046.

For more information, see ABB's security advisory.

ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of general cyber security practices for any installation of software-related products:

• Isolate special-purpose networks (e.g., for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls, and separate them from any general-purpose network (e.g., office or home networks).
• Install physical controls so only authorized personnel can access your devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Never connect programming software tools or computers containing programming software to any network other than the network where run the devices that it is intended for.
• Scan all data imported into your environment before use to detect potential malware infections.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires it.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date in terms of installed software, operating system, and firmware patches as well as anti-virus and firewall.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of ABB 9AKK108470A9491

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 8.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: DCT880 memory unit incl. ABB Drive Application Builder license (IEC 61131-3), DCT880 memory unit incl. Power Optimizer, DCS880 memory unit incl. ABB Drive Application Builder license (IEC 61131-3), DCS880 memory unit incl. DEMag, DCS880 memory unit incl. DCC
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Input Validation, Out-of-bounds Write, Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to trigger a denial-of-service condition or execute arbitrary code over the fieldbus interfaces.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports that the following low-voltage DC drive and power controller products contain a vulnerable version of the CODESYS Runtime:

• DCT880 memory unit incl. ABB Drive Application Builder license (IEC 61131-3): All versions
• DCT880 memory unit incl. Power Optimizer: All versions
• DCS880 memory unit incl. ABB Drive Application Builder license (IEC 61131-3): All versions
• DCS880 memory unit incl. DEMag: All versions
• DCS880 memory unit incl. DCC: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

After successful authentication as a user in multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppForce component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37559 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

After successful authentication as a user in multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppForce component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37558 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.3 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

After successful authentication as a user in multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, specific crafted remote communication requests can cause the CmpAppBP component to overwrite a heap-based buffer which can lead to a denial-of-service condition

CVE-2023-37557 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.4 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37556 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.5 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37555 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.6 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37554 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.7 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37553 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.8 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpAppBP component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37552 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.9 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37550 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.10 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37549 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.11 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37548 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.12 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37547 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.13 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37546 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.14 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

In multiple versions of multiple CODESYS products, after successful authentication as a user, specific crafted network communication requests with inconsistent content can cause the CmpApp component to read internally from an invalid address, potentially leading to a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2023-37545 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.15 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER CWE-119

In multiple versions of CODESYS Control an improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer allow a remote attacker with user privileges to gain full access of the device.

CVE-2022-4046 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB PSIRT reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

If the drive or power controller is in an exploitable configuration, ABB recommends immediately applying the mitigations described in the workarounds section of the ABB security advisory.

For more information, see ABB's security advisory.

ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of general cyber security practices for any installation of software-related products:

• Isolate special purpose networks (e.g. for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls and separate them from any general-purpose network (e.g. office or home networks).
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access your devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires such.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date in terms of installed software, operating system, and firmware patches as well as anti-virus and firewall.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of ABB 9AKK108470A9494

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: B&R
• Equipment: APROL
• Vulnerabilities: Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere, Incomplete Filtering of Special Elements, Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges , Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling, Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere, Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session, Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF), Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), External Control of File Name or Path, Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute commands, elevate privileges, gather sensitive information, or alter the product.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

B&R reports that the following products are affected:

• B&R APROL: All versions prior to 4.4-01 (CVE-2024-45483, CVE-2024-10209)
• B&R APROL: All versions 4.4-00P1 and prior (CVE-2024-45482)
• B&R APROL: All versions 4.4-00P5 and prior (CVE-2024-45481, CVE-2024-45480, CVE-2024-8315, CVE-2024-45484, CVE-2024-8313, CVE-2024-8314, CVE-2024-10206, CVE-2024-10207, CVE-2024-10208, CVE-2024-10210)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 INCLUSION OF FUNCTIONALITY FROM UNTRUSTED CONTROL SPHERE CWE-829

An Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere vulnerability in the SSH server on B&R APROL <4.4-00P1 may allow an authenticated local attacker from a trusted remote server to execute malicious commands.

CVE-2024-45482 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-45482. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 INCOMPLETE FILTERING OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS CWE-791

An Incomplete Filtering of Special Elements vulnerability in scripts using the SSH server on B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated local attacker to authenticate as another legitimate user.

CVE-2024-45481 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-45481. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE ('CODE INJECTION') CWE-94

An improper control of generation of code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in the AprolCreateReport component of B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated network-based attacker to read files from the local system.

CVE-2024-45480 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-45480. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 IMPROPER HANDLING OF INSUFFICIENT PERMISSIONS OR PRIVILEGES CWE-280

An Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges vulnerability in scripts used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated local attacker to read credential information.

CVE-2024-8315 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-8315. A base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

An Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in the operating system network configuration used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to perform Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks against the product.

CVE-2024-45484 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-45484. A base score of 7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

A Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability in the GRUB configuration used in B&R APROL <4.4-01 may allow an unauthenticated physical attacker to alter the boot configuration of the operating system.

CVE-2024-45483 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-45483. A base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE SYSTEM INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED CONTROL SPHERE CWE-497

An Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere and Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default vulnerability in the SNMP component of B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated adjacent-based attacker to read and alter configuration using SNMP.

CVE-2024-8313 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-8313. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 EXPOSURE OF DATA ELEMENT TO WRONG SESSION CWE-488

An Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm and Exposure of Data Element to Wrong Session vulnerability in the session handling used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated network attacker to take over a currently active user session without login credentials.

CVE-2024-8314 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-8314. A base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.9 SERVER-SIDE REQUEST FORGERY (SSRF) CWE-918

A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the APROL Web Portal used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated network-based attacker to force the web server to request arbitrary URLs.

CVE-2024-10206 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10206. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 SERVER-SIDE REQUEST FORGERY (SSRF) CWE-918

A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the APROL Web Portal used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated network-based attacker to force the web server to request arbitrary URLs

CVE-2024-10207 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10207. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION ('CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING') CWE-79

An Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability in the APROL Web Portal used in B&R APROL <4.4-00P5 may allow an authenticated network-based attacker to insert malicious code which is then executed in the context of the user's browser session.

CVE-2024-10208 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10208. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.2.12 EXTERNAL CONTROL OF FILE NAME OR PATH CWE-73

An External Control of File Name or Path vulnerability in the APROL Web Portal used in B&R APROL <4.4-005P may allow an authenticated network-based attacker to access data from the file system.

CVE-2024-10210 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10210. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N).

3.2.13 INCORRECT PERMISSION ASSIGNMENT FOR CRITICAL RESOURCE CWE-732

An Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource vulnerability in the file system used in B&R APROL <4.4-01 may allow an authenticated local attacker to read and alter the configuration of another engineering or runtime user.

CVE-2024-10209 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10209. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Austria

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB PSIRT reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

B&R has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• B&R APROL 4.4-01: B&R recommends that users apply the patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version at their earliest convenience. The process to install updates is described in the user manual. The step to identify the installed product version is described in the user manual. As some of the vulnerabilities affect the confidentiality of credentials, it is recommended to change all secrets/passwords after applying the update. (CVE-2024-45483, CVE-2024-10209)
• B&R APROL 4.4-00P1: B&R recommends that users apply the patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version at their earliest convenience. The process to install updates is described in the user manual. The step to identify the installed product version is described in the user manual. As some of the vulnerabilities affect the confidentiality of credentials, it is recommended to change all secrets/passwords after applying the update. (CVE-2024-45482)
• B&R APROL 4.4-00P5: B&R recommends that users apply the patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version at their earliest convenience. The process to install updates is described in the user manual. The step to identify the installed product version is described in the user manual. As some of the vulnerabilities affect the confidentiality of credentials, it is recommended to change all secrets/passwords after applying the update. (CVE-2024-45481, CVE-2024-45480, CVE-2024-8315, CVE-2024-45484, CVE-2024-8313, CVE-2024-8314, CVE-2024-10206, CVE-2024-10207, CVE-2024-10208, CVE-2024-10210)

The following product versions have been fixed:

• B&R APROL 4.4-01: APROL version 4.4-01 is a fixed version for CVE-2024-45483 and CVE-2024-10209
• B&R APROL 4.4-00P1: APROL versions 4.4-00P1 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2024-45482
• B&R APROL 4.4-00P5: APROL versions 4.4-00P5 and later are fixed versions for CVE-2024-45481, CVE-2024-45480, CVE-2024-8315, CVE-2024-45484, CVE-2024-8313, CVE-2024-8314, CVE-2024-10206, CVE-2024-10207, CVE-2024-10208, and CVE-2024-10210

For more information, see B&R's security advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial publication of B&R SA24P015

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.4
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: Lifecycle Services with Veeam Backup and Replication
• Vulnerability: Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker with administrative privileges to execute code on the target system.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports the following Lifecycle Services with Veeam Backup and Replication are affected:

• Industrial Data Center (IDC) with Veeam: Generations 1 – 5
• VersaVirtual Appliance (VVA) with Veeam: Series A - C

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 DESERIALIZATION OF UNTRUSTED DATA CWE-502

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Veeam Backup and Replication, which the affected products use. Exploitation of the vulnerability can allow a threat actor to execute code on the target system.

CVE-2025-23120 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-23120. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Rockwell Automation reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Users with an active Rockwell Automation Infrastructure Managed Service contract:

• Rockwell Automation will contact impacted users to discuss actions needed for remediation efforts.

Users without Rockwell Automation managed services contract, refer to Veeam's advisories below:

• Support Content Notification - Support Portal – Veeam support portal
• Veeam Backup & Replication CVE-2025-23120

Additionally, users of the affected software who are not able to upgrade to one of the corrected versions are encouraged to apply security best practices where possible.

For more information refer to Rockwell Automation's security advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 1, 2025: Initial Republication of Rockwell Automation SD1724

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: RMC-100
• Vulnerability: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to send a specially crafted message to the web UI, causing a temporary denial of service until the interface can be restarted.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports that the following products are affected when the REST interface is enabled:

• RMC-100: Versions 2105457-036 to 2105457-044
• RMC-100 LITE: Versions 2106229-010 to 2106229-016

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPERLY CONTROLLED MODIFICATION OF OBJECT PROTOTYPE ATTRIBUTES ('PROTOTYPE POLLUTION') CWE-1321

A vulnerability exists in the web UI (REST interface) included in the product versions listed above. An attacker could exploit the vulnerability by sending a specially crafted message to the web UI node, causing a node process hang, requiring restart of the REST interface (disable/enable).

CVE-2022-24999 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-24999. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB PSIRT reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ABB recommends that users apply the following updates at earliest convenience.

• Update RMC-100 Customer Package to 2105452-048.
• Update RMC-100 LITE Customer Package to 2106260-017.

ABB recommends disabling the REST interface when not in use to configure the MQTT functionality. By default, the REST interface is disabled so no risk is present.
The RMC-100 is not intended for access over public networks such as the internet. An attacker would need to have access to the user's private control network to exploit this vulnerability. Proper network segmentation is recommended.

For more information, please see ABB's cybersecurity advisory.

For any installation of software-related ABB products, ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of cyber security practices:

• Isolate special-purpose networks (e.g., for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls and separate them from any general-purpose network (e.g., office or home networks).
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access your devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Never connect programming software or computers containing programming software to any network other than the network for the devices that it is intended for.
• Scan all data imported into your environment before use to detect potential malware infections.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires such.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date in terms of installed software, operating system, and firmware patches as well as anti-virus and firewall.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• March 25, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: Verve Asset Manager
• Vulnerability: Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker with administrative access to run arbitrary commands in the context of the container running the service.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports the following versions of Verve Asset Manager are affected:

• Verve Asset Manager: Versions 1.39 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF SPECIFIED TYPE OF INPUT CWE-1287

A vulnerability exists in the affected product due to insufficient variable sanitizing. A portion of the administrative web interface for Verve's Legacy Active Directory Interface (ADI) capability (deprecated since the 1.36 release) allows users to change a variable with inadequate sanitizing. If exploited, it could allow a threat actor with administrative access to run arbitrary commands in the context of the container running the service.

CVE-2025-1449 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1449. A base score of 8.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Rockwell Automation reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation has corrected the issue in software Version 1.40. Users of the affected software, who are not able to upgrade to one of the corrected versions, are encouraged to apply security best practices, where possible.   

For more information refer to Rockwell Automation's security advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• March 25, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.3
• ATTENTION: High attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: 440G TLS-Z
• Vulnerability: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to take over the device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports the following products are affected by a vulnerability because they use STMicroelectronics STM32L4 devices:

• 440G TLS-Z: Version v6.001

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT CWE-74

A local code execution vulnerability exists in the STMicroelectronics STM32L4 devices due to having incorrect access controls. The affected product utilizes the STMicroelectronics STM32L4 device and because of the vulnerability, a threat actor could reverse protections that control access to the JTAG interface. If exploited, a threat actor can take over the device.

CVE-2020-27212 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2020-27212. A base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Rockwell Automation reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation encourages users of the affected software to apply the risk mitigations if possible:

• Limit physical access to authorized personnel: Control room, cells/areas, control panels, and devices. See Chapter 4, Harden the Control System of System Security Design Guidelines.
• For information on how to mitigate security risks on industrial automation control systems, Rockwell Automation encourage users to implement security best practices to minimize the risk of the vulnerability.

For more information refer to Rockwell Automation's security advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely. This vulnerability has a high attack complexity.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• March 25, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Inaba Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd.
• Equipment: CHOCO TEI WATCHER mini
• Vulnerabilities: Use of Client-Side Authentication, Storing Passwords in a Recoverable Format, Weak Password Requirements, Direct Request ('Forced Browsing')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to obtain the product's login password, gain unauthorized access, tamper with product's data, and/or modify product settings.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of CHOCO TEI WATCHER are affected:

• CHOCO TEI WATCHER mini (IB-MCT001): All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 USE OF CLIENT-SIDE AUTHENTICATION CWE-603

The affected product is vulnerable to a use of client-side authentication vulnerability, which may allow an attacker to obtain the product's login password without authentication.

CVE-2025-24517 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24517. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 STORING PASSWORDS IN A RECOVERABLE FORMAT CWE-257

An attacker who can access the microSD card used on the product may obtain the product's login password.

CVE-2025-24852 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24852. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 WEAK PASSWORD REQUIREMENTS CWE-521

The affected product is vulnerable to a weak password requirement vulnerability, which may allow an attacker to execute a brute-force attack resulting in unauthorized access and login.

CVE-2025-25211 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-25211. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 DIRECT REQUEST ('FORCED BROWSING') CWE-425

If a remote attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP request to the product, the product's data may be obtained or deleted, and/or the product's settings may be altered.

CVE-2025-26689 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-26689. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Andrea Palanca of Nozomi Networks reported these vulnerabilities to Inaba Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd. and CISA.

JPCERT/CC coordinated with Andrea Palanca, CISA ICS, and Inaba Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd.

4. MITIGATIONS

Inaba Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd. recommends users follow the following workarounds to help mitigate the impacts of these vulnerabilities:

• Use the product within LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts through firewalls.
• Use a firewall or virtual private network (VPN), etc. to prevent unauthorized access when Internet access is required, and restrict Internet access to minimum.
• Restrict the product operation (including use/handling of microSD cards on the product) only to authorized users.

For more information see the associated security advisory JVNVU#91154745 and Multiple vulnerabilities in CHOCO TEI WATCHER mini.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• March 25, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.5
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Schneider Electric
• Equipment: EcoStruxure™
• Vulnerability: Improper Privilege Management

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to cause a local privilege escalation, which could result in loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability of the engineering workstation.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of EcoStruxure™ are affected:

• EcoStruxure™ Process Expert: Versions 2020R2, 2021 & 2023 (prior to v4.8.0.5715)
• EcoStruxure™ Process Expert for AVEVA System Platform: Versions 2020R2, 2021 & 2023

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

An improper privilege management vulnerability exists for two services, one managing audit trail data and the other acting as server managing client request, that could cause a loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of engineering workstation when an attacker with standard privilege modifies the executable path of the windows services. To be exploited, services need to be restarted.

CVE-2025-0327 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-0327. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: France

3.4 RESEARCHER

Charit Misra, DNV Cyber reported this vulnerability to Schneider Electric.

4. MITIGATIONS

Schneider Electric has identified the following specific remediations and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Version v4.8.0.5715 of EcoStruxure™ Process Expert 2023 Software Package includes a fix for this vulnerability and is available for download.
• Uninstall Version 2023 (v4.8.0.5115) before installing Version 2023 (v4.8.0.5715). Version string can be found on engineering server console.

Users should use appropriate patching methodologies when applying these patches to their systems. Schneider Electric strongly recommend the use of back-ups and evaluating the impact of these patches in a Test and Development environment or on an offline infrastructure. Contact Schneider Electric's Customer Care Center for assistance removing a patch.

If users choose not to apply the remediation provided above, they should immediately apply the following mitigations to reduce the risk of exploit:

• EcoStruxure™ Process Expert Versions 2020R2, 2021 & 2023 (prior to v4.8.0.5715): Allow execute permission for service control Windows utility only to admin user. McAfee Application and Change Control software for application control to allow execution of whitelisted applications only. Refer to the Cybersecurity Application Note.
• EcoStruxure™ Process Expert for AVEVA System Platform Versions 2020R2, 2021 & 2023: Schneider Electric is establishing a remediation plan for all future versions of EcoStruxure™ Process Expert for AVEVA System Platform that will include a fix for this vulnerability. Schneider Electric will update SEVD-2025-042-03 when the remediation is available. Until then, users should immediately apply the following mitigations to reduce the risk of exploit: Allow only admin users to configure windows service by restricting execute permission of sc.exe windows utility. McAfee Application and Change Control software for application control to allow execution of whitelisted applications only. Refer to the Cybersecurity Application Note.

Schneider Electric strongly recommend the following industry cybersecurity best practices.

• Locate control and safety system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access your industrial control and safety systems, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Place all controllers in locked cabinets and never leave them in the "Program" mode.
• Never connect programming software to any network other than the network intended for that device.
• Scan all methods of mobile data exchange with the isolated network such as CDs, USB drives, etc. before use in the terminals or any node connected to these networks.
• Never allow mobile devices that have connected to any other network besides the intended network to connect to the safety or control networks without proper sanitation.
• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and systems and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

For more information refer to the Schneider Electric Recommended Cybersecurity Best Practices document.

For more information, see Schneider Electric security notification "SEVD-2025-042-03 EcoStruxure Process Expert, EcoStruxure Process Expert for AVEVA System Platform".

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• March 20, 2025: Initial Publication