As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Mendix Runtime
• Vulnerability: Observable Response Discrepancy

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to list all valid entities and attribute names of a Mendix Runtime-based application.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Mendix Runtime: V10: Versions prior to 10.21
• Mendix Runtime V8: All versions
• Mendix Runtime V9: All versions
• Mendix Runtime V10.6: All versions
• Mendix Runtime V10.12: All versions
• Mendix Runtime V10.18: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OBSERVABLE RESPONSE DISCREPANCY CWE-204

Affected applications allow for entity enumeration due to distinguishable responses in certain client actions. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to list all valid entities and attribute names of a Mendix Runtime-based application.

CVE-2025-30280 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30280. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Mendix Runtime V10.12, V10.18, V10.6, V8, V9: Currently no fix is available
• Mendix Runtime V10: Update to V10.21.0 or later version

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-874353 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemens' Advisory SSA-874353

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Industrial Edge Device Kit
• Vulnerability: Weak Authentication

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to circumvent authentication and impersonate a legitimate user.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.19: All versions
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.21: Versions prior to V1.21.1-1
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.17: All versions
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.21: Versions prior to V1.21.1-1
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.19: All versions
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.18: All versions
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.20: Versions prior to V1.20.2-1
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.20: Versions prior to V1.20.2-1
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.18: All versions
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.17: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 WEAK AUTHENTICATION CWE-1390

Affected devices do not properly enforce user authentication on specific API endpoints when identity federation is used. This could facilitate an unauthenticated remote attacker to circumvent authentication and impersonate a legitimate user. Successful exploitation requires that identity federation to be currently used or has been previously used and the attacker has learned the identity of a legitimate user.

CVE-2024-54092 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-54092. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Ensure network access to affected products is limited to trusted parties only
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.17, Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.18, Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.19, Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.17, Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.18, Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.19: Currently no fix is available
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.20, Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.20: Update to V1.20.2-1 or later version
• Industrial Edge Device Kit - arm64 V1.21, Industrial Edge Device Kit - x86-64 V1.21: Update to V1.21.1-1 or later version

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-819629 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemens Advisory SSA-819629

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SIMOCODE, SIMATIC, SIPLUS, SIDOOR, SIWAREX
• Vulnerability: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow remote attackers to affect the availability of the devices under certain conditions.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• SIMOCODE pro V PROFINET: All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1BG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC PN/PN Coupler (6ES7158-3AD10-0XA0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIDOOR ATD430W: All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 MF HF (6ES7155-6MU00-0CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317F-2 PN/DP (6ES7317-2FK14-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315T-3 PN/DP (6ES7315-7TJ10-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS HCS4300 CIM4310 (6BK1943-1AA00-0AA0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6ES7155-6AU01-0BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516F-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3FN00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 319-3 PN/DP (6ES7318-3EL01-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8F PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8FB01-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6ES7155-6AU00-0CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-4 PN HF (6ES7154-4AB10-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO HF (6AG1153-4BA00-7XB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1HE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6AG1155-6AU00-7BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6AG1155-6AU01-7BN0): All versions
• SIMATIC CFU DIQ (6ES7655-5PX31-1XX0): Versions prior to V2.0.0
• SIMATIC ET 200AL IM 157-1 PN (6ES7157-1AB00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6AG1155-6AA00-7BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU01-2CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HS (6ES7155-6AU00-0DN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200S IM151-3 PN HF (6AG1151-3BA23-7AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6AG1212-1AE40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6ES7155-6AA00-0BN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1512SP F-1 PN (6ES7512-1SK00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO ST (6ES7153-4AA01-0XB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU01-7CN0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/DC RAIL (6AG2214-1AG40-1XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6ES7155-5AA01-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC TDC CPU555: All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1HE40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 315F-2 PN/DP (6AG1315-2FJ14-2AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-4BN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7211-1BE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN/3 HF (6ES7155-6AU30-0CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1BG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 317F-2 PN/DP (6AG1317-2FK14-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1HG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1513-1 PN (6AG1513-1AL00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 314C-2 PN/DP (6ES7314-6EH04-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7212-1AF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315-2 PN/DP (6ES7315-2EH14-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6ES7155-5AA00-0AC0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HF40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIWAREX WP251 (7MH4960-6AA01): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1513F-1 PN (6AG1513-1FL00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HA (incl. SIPLUS variants): Versions priror to V1.3
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315F-2 PN/DP (6ES7315-2FJ14-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC TDC CP51M1: All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6AG1155-5AA00-7AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8 PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8AB01-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-5AA00-4AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-5AA01-4AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU00-4BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1BE40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO ST (6AG1153-4AA01-7XB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 319F-3 PN/DP (6ES7318-3FL01-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3AN00-7AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1515-2 PN (6ES7515-2AM00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200S IM 151-8F PN/DP CPU (6AG1151-8FB01-2AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS NET PN/PN Coupler (6AG2158-3AD10-4XA0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7214-1AF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1BE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-8F PN/DP CPU (6ES7151-8FB01-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AA00-4BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1511F-1 PN (6AG1511-1FK00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN HS (6ES7151-3BA60-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1511-1 PN (6ES7511-1AK00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200S IM 151-8 PN/DP CPU (6AG1151-8AB01-7AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN BA (6ES7155-5AA00-0AA0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1516F-3 PN/DP (6ES7516-3FN00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1511-1 PN (6AG1511-1AK00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO HF (6ES7153-4BA00-0XB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1HF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC CFU PA (6ES7655-5PX11-1XX0): Versions prior to V2.0
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN HF (6ES7151-3BA23-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-410 V8 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): Versions prior to V8.3
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC RAIL (6AG2212-1AE40-1XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1BE40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1515F-2 PN (6ES7515-2FM00-0AB0): All versions
• SIWAREX WP231 (7MH4960-2AA01): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/DC (6ES7215-1AG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-1CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC CFU PA (6ES7655-5PX11-0XX0): Versions prior to V2.0.0
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-8 PN/DP CPU (6ES7151-8AB01-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-6AU00-1CN0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/DC (6ES7214-1AG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU00-4CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6ES7212-1AE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-400 H V6 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): All versions
• SINUMERIK 840D sl: All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN/2 HF (6ES7155-6AU01-0CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1513F-1 PN (6ES7513-1FL00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1HE40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMOCODE pro V Ethernet/IP (incl. SIPLUS variants): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C DC/DC/DC (6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN FO (6ES7151-3BB23-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 315-2 PN/DP (6AG1315-2EH14-7AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1512SP-1 PN (6ES7512-1DK00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU00-2CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8FX PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8FX00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1HG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317T-3 PN/DP (6ES7317-7TK10-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200S IM151-3 PN ST (6AG1151-3AA23-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN BA (6ES7155-6AR00-0AN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-5AA00-1AC0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6AG1155-6AA01-7BN0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6ES7516-3AN00-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7215-1AF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317-2 PN/DP (6ES7317-2EK14-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-410 V10 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-400 PN/DP V7 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): All versions
• SIPLUS HCS4200 CIM4210C (6BK1942-1AA00-0AA1): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AA01-4BN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6ES7155-6AU00-0BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6AG1155-5AA00-2AC0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6AG1212-1AE40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIDOOR ATE530G COATED (6FB1221-5SM10-7BP0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6ES7155-6AA01-0BN0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6AG1155-5AA01-7AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AF40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317TF-3 PN/DP (6ES7317-7UL10-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP CPU 1512SP F-1 PN (6AG1512-1SK00-2AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS HCS4200 CIM4210 (6BK1942-1AA00-0AA0): All versions
• SIMATIC Power Line Booster PLB, Modem Module ST (6ES7972-5AA51-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1510SP F-1 PN (6ES7510-1SJ00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-4CN0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN ST (6ES7151-3AA23-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-4XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6ES7155-5AA00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3AN00-2AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1HF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIWAREX WP241 (7MH4960-4AA01): All versions
• SIDOOR ATE530S COATED: All versions
• SIWAREX WP521 ST (7MH4980-1AA01): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 314C-2 PN/DP (6AG1314-6EH04-7AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1217C DC/DC/DC (6ES7217-1AG40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1513-1 PN (6ES7513-1AL00-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC Power Line Booster PLB, Base Module (6ES7972-5AA10-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1HF40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6AG1155-5AA00-7AC0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-2XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-3 PN HF (6ES7154-3AB00-0AB0): All versions
• SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 317-2 PN/DP (6AG1317-2EK14-7AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1511F-1 PN (6ES7511-1FK00-0AB0): All versions
• SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1510SP-1 PN (6ES7510-1DJ00-0AB0): All versions
• SIWAREX WP522 ST (7MH4980-2AA01): All versions
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7211-1HE40-0XB0): Versions prior to V4.4
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AF40-5XB0): Versions prior to V4.4

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

The integrated ICMP service of the network stack of affected devices can be forced to exhaust its available memory resources when receiving specially crafted messages targeting IP fragment re-assembly. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a temporary denial-of-service condition of the ICMP service, other communication services are not affected. Affected devices will resume normal operation after the attack terminates.

CVE-2024-23814 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-23814. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Implement packet filtering rules at network perimeter devices (firewalls, routers, IDS/IPS) to block ICMP messages with large payloads if viable in your environment
• SIMATIC S7-400 H V6 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): Disable the ethernet ports on the CPU and use a communication module (like CP) for communication instead
• SIDOOR ATD430W, SIDOOR ATE530G COATED (6FB1221-5SM10-7BP0), SIDOOR ATE530S COATED, SIMATIC ET 200AL IM 157-1 PN (6ES7157-1AB00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO HF (6ES7153-4BA00-0XB0), SIMATIC ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO ST (6ES7153-4AA01-0XB0), SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN BA (6ES7155-5AA00-0AA0), SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6ES7155-5AA00-0AC0), SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6ES7155-5AA00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6ES7155-5AA01-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-3 PN HF (6ES7154-3AB00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-4 PN HF (6ES7154-4AB10-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8 PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8AB01-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8F PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8FB01-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200pro IM 154-8FX PN/DP CPU (6ES7154-8FX00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN FO (6ES7151-3BB23-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN HF (6ES7151-3BA23-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN HS (6ES7151-3BA60-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-3 PN ST (6ES7151-3AA23-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-8 PN/DP CPU (6ES7151-8AB01-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200S IM 151-8F PN/DP CPU (6ES7151-8FB01-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1510SP F-1 PN (6ES7510-1SJ00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1510SP-1 PN (6ES7510-1DJ00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1512SP F-1 PN (6ES7512-1SK00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200SP CPU 1512SP-1 PN (6ES7512-1DK00-0AB0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 MF HF (6ES7155-6MU00-0CN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN BA (6ES7155-6AR00-0AN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6ES7155-6AU00-0CN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HS (6ES7155-6AU00-0DN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6ES7155-6AU00-0BN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6ES7155-6AU01-0BN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6ES7155-6AA00-0BN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6ES7155-6AA01-0BN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN/2 HF (6ES7155-6AU01-0CN0), SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN/3 HF (6ES7155-6AU30-0CN0), SIMATIC Power Line Booster PLB, Base Module (6ES7972-5AA10-0AB0), SIMATIC Power Line Booster PLB, Modem Module ST (6ES7972-5AA51-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1511-1 PN (6ES7511-1AK00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1511F-1 PN (6ES7511-1FK00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1513-1 PN (6ES7513-1AL00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1513F-1 PN (6ES7513-1FL00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1515-2 PN (6ES7515-2AM00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1515F-2 PN (6ES7515-2FM00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6ES7516-3AN00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1516F-3 PN/DP (6ES7516-3FN00-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 314C-2 PN/DP (6ES7314-6EH04-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315-2 PN/DP (6ES7315-2EH14-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315F-2 PN/DP (6ES7315-2FJ14-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 315T-3 PN/DP (6ES7315-7TJ10-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317-2 PN/DP (6ES7317-2EK14-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317F-2 PN/DP (6ES7317-2FK14-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317T-3 PN/DP (6ES7317-7TK10-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 317TF-3 PN/DP (6ES7317-7UL10-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 319-3 PN/DP (6ES7318-3EL01-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-300 CPU 319F-3 PN/DP (6ES7318-3FL01-0AB0), SIMATIC S7-400 H V6 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants), SIMATIC S7-400 PN/DP V7 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants), SIMATIC S7-410 V10 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants), SIMATIC TDC CP51M1, SIMATIC TDC CPU555, SINUMERIK 840D sl, SIPLUS ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO HF (6AG1153-4BA00-7XB0), SIPLUS ET 200M IM 153-4 PN IO ST (6AG1153-4AA01-7XB0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6AG1155-5AA00-2AC0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF (6AG1155-5AA00-7AC0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-5AA00-1AC0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6AG1155-5AA00-7AB0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST (6AG1155-5AA01-7AB0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-5AA00-4AB0), SIPLUS ET 200MP IM 155-5 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-5AA01-4AB0), SIPLUS ET 200S IM151-3 PN HF (6AG1151-3BA23-7AB0), SIPLUS ET 200S IM151-3 PN ST (6AG1151-3AA23-2AB0), SIPLUS ET 200SP CPU 1512SP F-1 PN (6AG1512-1SK00-2AB0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU00-2CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU00-4CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU01-2CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF (6AG1155-6AU01-7CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-6AU00-1CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF T1 RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-1CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HF TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-4CN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6AG1155-6AU00-7BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST (6AG1155-6AU01-7BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6AG1155-6AA00-7BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA (6AG1155-6AA01-7BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AA00-4BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST BA TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AA01-4BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU00-4BN0), SIPLUS ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN ST TX RAIL (6AG2155-6AU01-4BN0), SIPLUS HCS4200 CIM4210 (6BK1942-1AA00-0AA0), SIPLUS HCS4200 CIM4210C (6BK1942-1AA00-0AA1), SIPLUS HCS4300 CIM4310 (6BK1943-1AA00-0AA0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1511-1 PN (6AG1511-1AK00-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1511F-1 PN (6AG1511-1FK00-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1513-1 PN (6AG1513-1AL00-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1513F-1 PN (6AG1513-1FL00-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3AN00-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3AN00-7AB0), SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1516F-3 PN/DP (6AG1516-3FN00-2AB0), SIWAREX WP231 (7MH4960-2AA01), SIWAREX WP241 (7MH4960-4AA01), SIWAREX WP251 (7MH4960-6AA01), SIWAREX WP521 ST (7MH4980-1AA01), SIWAREX WP522 ST (7MH4980-2AA01): Currently no fix is planned
• SIMATIC PN/PN Coupler (6ES7158-3AD10-0XA0), SIMOCODE pro V Ethernet/IP (incl. SIPLUS variants), SIMOCODE pro V PROFINET, SIPLUS ET 200S IM 151-8 PN/DP CPU (6AG1151-8AB01-7AB0), SIPLUS ET 200S IM 151-8F PN/DP CPU (6AG1151-8FB01-2AB0), SIPLUS NET PN/PN Coupler (6AG2158-3AD10-4XA0), SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 314C-2 PN/DP (6AG1314-6EH04-7AB0), SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 315-2 PN/DP (6AG1315-2EH14-7AB0), SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 315F-2 PN/DP (6AG1315-2FJ14-2AB0), SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 317-2 PN/DP (6AG1317-2EK14-7AB0), SIPLUS S7-300 CPU 317F-2 PN/DP (6AG1317-2FK14-2AB0): Currently no fix is available
• SIMATIC ET 200SP IM 155-6 PN HA (incl. SIPLUS variants): Update to V1.3 or later version
• SIMATIC CFU PA (6ES7655-5PX11-1XX0): Update to V2.0.0 or later version
• SIMATIC CFU DIQ (6ES7655-5PX31-1XX0), SIMATIC CFU PA (6ES7655-5PX11-0XX0): Update to V2.0.0 or later version
• SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1BE40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1BE40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1HE40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1212-1HE40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6AG1212-1AE40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6AG1212-1AE40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC RAIL (6AG2212-1AE40-1XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1BG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/DC RAIL (6AG2214-1AG40-1XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/DC (6AG1214-1AF40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/RLY (6AG1214-1HF40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 AC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1BG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-2XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-4XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215 DC/DC/RLY (6AG1215-1HG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AG40-5XB0), SIPLUS S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/DC (6AG1215-1AF40-5XB0): Update to V4.4 or later version
• SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7211-1BE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C DC/DC/DC (6ES7211-1AE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1211C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7211-1HE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1BE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/DC (6ES7212-1AE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1HE40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7212-1AF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1212FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7212-1HF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1BG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/DC (6ES7214-1AG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1HG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7214-1AF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7214-1HF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C AC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1BG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/DC (6ES7215-1AG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215C DC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1HG40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/DC (6ES7215-1AF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1215FC DC/DC/Rly (6ES7215-1HF40-0XB0), SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1217C DC/DC/DC (6ES7217-1AG40-0XB0): Update to V4.4 or later version
• SIMATIC S7-410 V8 CPU family (incl. SIPLUS variants): Update to V8.3 or later version

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-725549 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemen's Advisory SSA-725549

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Growatt
• Equipment: Cloud Applications
• Vulnerabilities: Cross-site Scripting, Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key, Insufficient Type Distinction, External Control of System or Configuration Setting

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to compromise confidentiality, achieve cross-site scripting, or code execution on affected devices.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Growatt products are affected:

• Growatt cloud portal: Versions 3.6.0 and prior.

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') CWE-79

An authenticated attacker can achieve stored XSS by exploiting improper sanitization of the plant name value while adding or editing a plant.

CVE-2025-30511 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30511. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can check the existence of usernames in the system by querying an API.

CVE-2025-31933 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-CVE-2025-31933. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An authenticated attacker can obtain any plant name by knowing the plant ID.

CVE-2025-31949 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31949. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain a user's plant list by knowing the username.

CVE-2025-31357 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31357. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain a list of smart devices by knowing a valid username.

CVE-2025-31941 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31941. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can infer the existence of usernames in the system by querying an API.

CVE-2025-24487 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24487. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can get users' emails by knowing usernames. A password reset email will be sent in response to this unsolicited request.

CVE-2025-27568 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27568. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain a serial number of a smart meter(s) using its owner's username.

CVE-2025-30254 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30254. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An attacker can change registered email addresses of other users and take over arbitrary accounts.

CVE-2025-27939 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27939. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can obtain restricted information about a user's smart device collections (i.e., "rooms").

CVE-2025-27938 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27938. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can obtain restricted information about a user's smart device collections (i.e., "scenes").

CVE-2025-30514 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30514. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.12 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An attacker can get information about the groups of the smart home devices for arbitrary users (i.e., "rooms").

CVE-2025-31654 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31654. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.13 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can query an API endpoint and get device details.

CVE-2025-27719 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27719. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.14 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can rename arbitrary devices of arbitrary users (i.e., EV chargers).

CVE-2025-26857 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-26857. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.15 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain other users' charger information.

CVE-2025-31945 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31945. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.16 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain EV charger energy consumption information of other users.

CVE-2025-31950 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31950. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.17 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can obtain EV charger version and firmware upgrading history by knowing the charger ID.

CVE-2025-27575 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27575. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.18 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can delete any user's "rooms" by knowing the user's and room IDs.

CVE-2025-27565 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27565. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.19 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attacker can hijack other users' devices and potentially control them.

CVE-2025-25276 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-25276. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.20 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An attacker can export other users' plant information.

CVE-2025-24850 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24850. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.21 Insufficient Type Distinction CWE-351

An attacker can upload an arbitrary file instead of a plant image.

CVE-2025-30510 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30510. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.22 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') CWE-79

Due to lack of server-side input validation, attackers can inject malicious JavaScript code into users personal spaces of the web portal.

CVE-2025-24297 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24297. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.23 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

An unauthenticated attackers can obtain a list of smart devices by knowing a valid username through an unprotected API.

CVE-2025-27927 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27927. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.24 External Control of System or Configuration Setting CWE-15

Unauthenticated attackers can send configuration settings to device and possible perform physical actions remotely (e.g., on/off).

CVE-2025-30512 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30512. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.25 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can trigger device actions associated with specific "scenes" of arbitrary users.

CVE-2025-31360 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31360. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.26 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can query information about total energy consumed by EV chargers of arbitrary users.

CVE-2025-31147 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31147. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.27 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can retrieve serial number of smart meters associated to a specific user account.

CVE-2025-30257 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30257. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.28 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can rename "rooms" of arbitrary users.

CVE-2025-27561 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27561. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.29 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can add devices of other users to their scenes (or arbitrary scenes of other arbitrary users).

CVE-2025-24315 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-24315. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.30 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key CWE-639

Unauthenticated attackers can retrieve full list of users associated with arbitrary accounts.

CVE-2025-27929 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27929. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China

3.4 RESEARCHER

Forescout Technologies reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Growatt reports the cloud-based vulnerabilities were patched and no user action is needed. Additionally, Growatt strongly recommends that their users take proactive steps in securing their devices and take the following actions:

• Update all devices to the latest firmware version when available. (Updates are automatic, no user action needed.)
• Use strong passwords and enable multi-factor authentication where applicable.
• Report any security concerns to Service@Growatt.com.
• Stay vigilant. Users and installers should regularly review security settings, follow best practices, and report any unusual activity.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Lantronix
• Equipment: Xport

• Vulnerability: Missing Authentication for Critical Function

  2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker unauthorized access to the configuration interface and cause disruption to monitoring and operations.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Lantronix products are affected:

• Xport: Versions 6.5.0.7 to 7.0.0.3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

An attacker could modify or disable settings, disrupt fuel monitoring and supply chain operations, leading to disabling of ATG monitoring. This would result in potential safety hazards in fuel storage and transportation.

CVE-2025-2567 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2567. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Transportation Systems, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Souvik Kandar from Microsec(microsec.io) reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Lantronix recommends users upgrade to their Xport Edge product, which brings in more cutting edge security suite. Xport edge is not affected by these vulnerabilities. Users should contact Lantronix directly for assistance.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.1
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: National Instruments
• Equipment: LabVIEW
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities lead to the execution of arbitrary code on affected installations of LabVIEW, which could result in invalid memory writes.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of LabVIEW are affected:

• LabVIEW: 2025 Q1 and prior versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write when parsing user-supplied data, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2025-2631 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2631. A base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions are vulnerable to an out-of-bounds write when parsing user-supplied data, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2025-2632 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2632. A base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

National Instruments has released the following patches for the affected products:

• For those affected by CVE-2025-2631 click here.
• For those affected by CVE-2025-2632 click here.

Please refer to the vendor's advisory for further information.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Delta Electronics
• Equipment: COMMGR
• Vulnerability: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow for an attacker to remotely access the AS3000Simulator family in the COMMGR software and execute arbitrary code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of COMMGR, a software management platform that contain virtual PLCs, are affected:

• COMMGR (Version 1): All versions
• COMMGR (Version 2): All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 USE OF CRYPTOGRAPHICALLY WEAK PSEUDO-RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR (PRNG) CWE-338

The software uses insufficiently randomized values to generate session IDs. An attacker could easily brute force a session ID and load and execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2025-3495 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3495. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Communications, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Healthcare and Public Health
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

COMMGR software Version 1 has reached end of life (EOL). Delta Electronics will release a fix for COMMGR software Version 2.

Delta Electronics recommends users of COMMGR software Version 1 to take the following precautions:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and software, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
• Place control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.
• Never connect programming software to any network other than the one intended for that device.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: M2M Gateway
• Vulnerabilities: Integer Overflow or Wraparound, Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'), Unquoted Search Path or Element, Untrusted Search Path, Use After Free, Out-of-bounds Write, Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime, Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling, Improper Privilege Management, Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection'), Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer, Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size, Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition'), Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion'), Improper Input Validation, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, Observable Discrepancy, Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information, Improper Authentication, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, Inadequate Encryption Strength, Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to stop the product, make it inaccessible, take remote control of it, or insert and run arbitrary code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports that the following products are affected:

• M2M Gateway ARM600: Versions 4.1.2 up to and including 5.0.3
• M2M Gateway SW: Versions 5.0.1 up to and including 5.0.3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

A vulnerability in Git arises from an issue with git attributes parsing. This flaw can lead to an integer overflow, potentially allowing authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial-of-service.

CVE-2022-23521 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-23521. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

This vulnerability in Git involves a heap overflow in the git archive and git log --format commands. This flaw could potentially lead to remote code execution if exploited by an authenticated attacker.

CVE-2022-41903 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-41903. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS ('HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING') CWE-444

A vulnerability exists in Apache HTTP Server Versions 2.4.0 through 2.4.55. The vulnerability involves HTTP request smuggling due to certain mod_proxy configurations combined with RewriteRule or ProxyPassMatch directives. This flaw can allow an authenticated attacker to bypass access controls.

CVE-2023-25690 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-25690. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 UNQUOTED SEARCH PATH OR ELEMENT CWE-428

There is a vulnerability in the PKCS#11 feature of ssh-agent in OpenSSH versions before 9.3p2. It involves an insufficiently trustworthy search path, which can lead to remote code execution if an agent is forwarded by authenticated user to an attacker-controlled system.

CVE-2023-38408 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-38408. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 UNTRUSTED SEARCH PATH CWE-426

An untrusted search path vulnerability in ssh-agent.c in ssh-agent in OpenSSH before 7.4 may allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary local PKCS#11 modules by leveraging control over a forwarded agent socket.

CVE-2016-10009 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2016-10009. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in systemd. This issue occurs because the on_stream_io() function and dns_stream_complete() function in 'resolved-dns-stream.c' do not increment the reference count for the DnsStream object. Consequently, other functions and callbacks can dereference the DnsStream object, causing a use-after-free condition when the reference is still used later. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2022-2526 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-2526. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

zlib through Version 1.2.12 has a heap-based buffer over-read or buffer overflow vulnerability in inflate.c via a large gzip header extra field. This flaw potentially allows an authenticated attacker to reveal sensitive information or cause a denial-of-service situation.

CVE-2022-37434 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-37434. A base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 BUFFER COPY WITHOUT CHECKING SIZE OF INPUT ('CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW') CWE-120

A vulnerability in the HFS+ partition file parser of ClamAV Versions 1.0.0 and earlier, 0.105.1 and earlier, and 0.103.7 and earlier could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability is due to a missing buffer size check, which may result in a heap buffer overflow write. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted HFS+ partition file to be scanned by ClamAV on an affected device.

CVE-2023-20032 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-20032. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.9 MISSING RELEASE OF MEMORY AFTER EFFECTIVE LIFETIME CWE-401

An attacker can trigger a small memory leak by spoofing the target resolver with responses that have a malformed ECDSA signature. Over time, this can gradually erode available memory to the point where named crashes due to a lack of resources.

CVE-2022-38177 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-38177. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 MISSING RELEASE OF MEMORY AFTER EFFECTIVE LIFETIME CWE-401

An attacker can trigger a small memory leak by spoofing the target resolver with responses that have a malformed EdDSA signature. Over time, this can gradually erode available memory to the point where named crashes due to a lack of resources.

CVE-2022-38178 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-38178. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES WITHOUT LIMITS OR THROTTLING CWE-770

This vulnerability allows the configured max-cache-size limit to be significantly exceeded by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order. This can lead to a denial-of-service condition by exhausting all available memory on the host running named service.

CVE-2023-2828 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-2828. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).

3.2.12 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

The vulnerability involves the recursive processing of control channel messages sent to named, which can exhaust stack memory and cause named to terminate unexpectedly. Exploiting this flaw requires only network access to the control channel's configured TCP port, without needing a valid RNDC key.

CVE-2023-3341 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-3341. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.13 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

Local users with write access to UNIX domain sockets can bypass access controls and manipulate the multipath setup, potentially leading to local privilege escalation to root. This occurs because an attacker can repeat a keyword, which is mishandled due to the use of arithmetic ADD instead of bitwise OR.

CVE-2022-41974 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-41974. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.14 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

libexpat versions before 2.4.9 have a use-after-free vulnerability in the doContent function in xmlparse.c.

CVE-2022-40674 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-40674. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.15 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

By feeding specially crafted input as authenticated attacker to git apply --reject, a path outside the working tree can be overwritten with partially controlled contents, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution.

CVE-2023-25652 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-25652. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.16 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74

A specially crafted .gitmodules file with submodule URLs longer than 1024 characters can be used to exploit a bug in config.c::git_config_copy or rename section in file(). This bug can be used to inject arbitrary configuration into a user's $GIT_DIR/config when attempting to remove the configuration section associated with that submodule. If the attacker injects configuration values that specify executables to run (such as core.pager, core.editor, core.sshCommand, etc.) it can lead to remote code execution.

CVE-2023-29007 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-29007. A base score of 4.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.17 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER CWE-119

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's driver for the ASIX AX88179_178A-based USB 2.0/3.0 gigabit ethernet devices. The vulnerability includes multiple out-of-bounds reads and possible out-of-bounds writes.

CVE-2022-2964 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-2964. A base score of 7.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.18 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER CWE-119

There is a flaw in certain AMD EPYC, Ryzen, Threadripper, and Athlon processors related to the LONGJMP assembly command. This flaw could lead to arbitrary code execution. ARM600 servers include Intel processors, but there may be ARM600 SW installations running in AMD processor environments.

CVE-2021-26401 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2021-26401. A base score of 4.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.19 INCORRECT CALCULATION OF BUFFER SIZE CWE-131

A stack overflow flaw was found in the Linux kernel's SYSCTL subsystem, affecting how an authenticated user changes certain kernel parameters and variables. This flaw allows a local user to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges.

CVE-2022-4378 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-4378. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.20 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

mm/rmap.c in the Linux kernel before 5.19.7 has a use-after-free vulnerability related to leaf anon_vma double re-use. This could lead to a system crash or elevation of privileges.

CVE-2022-42703 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-42703. A base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.21 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION ('RACE CONDITION') CWE-362

A critical vulnerability was found in the Linux Kernel, affecting the function l2cap_reassemble_sdu in the file net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c within the Bluetooth component. The manipulation of this function leads to a use-after-free condition, which could cause data leakage or denial-of-service conditions.

CVE-2022-3564 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-3564. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.22 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

In the Linux kernel through Version 6.3.1, a use-after-free vulnerability in Netfilter nf_tables when processing batch requests can be exploited to perform arbitrary read and write operations on kernel memory. This could allow an unprivileged local user to gain root access.

CVE-2023-32233 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-32233. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.23 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

The nftables component of the Linux kernel contains an out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability. The nft_byteorder function poorly handles vm register contents when CAP_NET_ADMIN is present in any user or network namespace. This vulnerability could lead to local user privilege escalation.

CVE-2023-35001 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-35001. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.24 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's net/sched: cls_u32 component can be exploited to achieve local user privilege escalation.

CVE-2023-3609 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-3609. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.25 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

A missing netfilter macro could lead to a miscalculation of the h->nets array offset, providing attackers with the primitive to arbitrarily increment or decrement a memory buffer out-of-bounds. This vulnerability may allow a local user to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges.

CVE-2023-42753 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-42753. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.26 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

PAC parsing in krb5 has integer overflows that may lead to denial-of-service.

CVE-2022-42898 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-42898. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.27 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

An issue was discovered in function _libssh2packetadd in libssh2, which allows attackers to access out-of-bounds memory. This flaw could lead to a system crash if exploited by an authenticated attacker.

CVE-2020-22218 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2020-22218. A base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.28 ACCESS OF RESOURCE USING INCOMPATIBLE TYPE ('TYPE CONFUSION') CWE-843

X.400 addresses were parsed as an ASN1_STRING but the public structure definition for GENERAL_NAME incorrectly specified the type of the x400Address field as ASN1_TYPE. When CRL checking is enabled, this vulnerability may allow an attacker to pass arbitrary pointers to a memcmp call, enabling them to read memory contents or enact a denial-of-service.

CVE-2023-0286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-0286. A base score of 5.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.29 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

An issue in the urllib.parse component of Python allows attackers to bypass blocklisting methods by supplying a URL that starts with blank characters. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an authenticated attacker to add or modify data.

CVE-2023-24329 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-24329. A base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.30 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

An issue allows malicious remote servers to write arbitrary files inside the directories of connecting peers. A malicious rsync server can overwrite arbitrary files in the rsync client target directory and subdirectories.

CVE-2022-29154 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-29154. A base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.31 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

The sudoedit (aka -e) feature mishandles extra arguments passed in the user-provided environment variables (SUDO_EDITOR, VISUAL, and EDITOR), allowing a local attacker to append arbitrary entries to the list of files to process. This could lead to privilege escalation.

CVE-2023-22809 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-22809. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.32 INTEGER OVERFLOW OR WRAPAROUND CWE-190

An issue in the Apache Portable Runtime Utility may allow a malicious attacker to cause an out-of-bounds write due to an integer overflow when encoding or decoding a very long string using the base64 family of functions. This could lead to data modification or a denial-of-service.

CVE-2022-25147 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-25147. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.33 INCONSISTENT INTERPRETATION OF HTTP REQUESTS ('HTTP REQUEST/RESPONSE SMUGGLING') CWE-444

When using forwarders, bogus NS records supplied by or via those forwarders may be cached and used by named if it needs to recurse for any reason. This could cause named to obtain and pass on potentially incorrect answers, leading to DNS cache poisoning. This vulnerability could potentially result in denial-of-service and information disclosure by an authenticated attacker.

CVE-2021-25220 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2021-25220. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.34 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

Processing large delegations may severely degrade resolver performance, effectively denying legitimate clients access to the DNS resolution service. This could lead to denial-of-service conditions.

CVE-2022-2795 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 2.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-2795. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.35 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c in usbmon in the Linux kernel allows a user-space client to corrupt the monitor's internal memory. This could lead to denial-of-service or information disclosure conditions if exploited by an authenticated attacker.

CVE-2022-43750 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-43750. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.36 OBSERVABLE DISCREPANCY CWE-203

A return address predictor vulnerability in certain AMD processors can lead to information disclosure. This may result in speculative execution at an attacker-controlled address, potentially causing information disclosure. ARM600 servers utilize Intel processors, but there may be ARM600 SW installations running in AMD processor environments.

CVE-2023-20569 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-20569. A base score of 5.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.37 GENERATION OF ERROR MESSAGE CONTAINING SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-209

There is a cross-process information leak in certain AMD processors, which could allow an attacker to potentially access confidential information. ARM600 servers utilize Intel processors, but there may be ARM600 SW installations running in AMD processor environments.

CVE-2023-20593 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-20593. A base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.38 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287

If a TLS server side socket is created, receives data, and then closes quickly, there's a brief window where the SSLSocket instance detects it as "not connected" and won't initiate a handshake. Buffered data remains readable but unauthenticated if client certificate authentication is expected. This data is limited to the buffer size. An unauthenticated attacker could exploit this vulnerability for revealing sensitive information from the server.

CVE-2023-40217 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-40217. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.39 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354

Remote attackers may bypass integrity checks, causing some packets to be omitted from the extension negotiation message. Consequently, a client and server may end up with a connection where some security features have been downgraded or disabled, also known as a Terrapin attack.

CVE-2023-48795 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-48795. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.40 INADEQUATE ENCRYPTION STRENGTH CWE-326

TLS protocol Versions 1.1 and 1.2, and DTLS protocol Versions 1.0 and 1.2, do not properly consider timing side-channel attacks on a MAC check requirement during the processing of malformed CBC padding. This allows remote attackers to conduct distinguishing attacks and plaintext-recovery attacks through statistical analysis of timing data for crafted packets, also known as the 'Lucky Thirteen' issue.

CVE-2013-0169 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2013-0169. A base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.41 IMPROPER REMOVAL OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION BEFORE STORAGE OR TRANSFER CWE-212

TLS protocol Version 1.2 and earlier can encrypt compressed data without properly obfuscating the length of the unencrypted data. This allows man-in-the-middle attackers to obtain plaintext HTTP headers by observing length differences during a series of guesses where a string in an HTTP request potentially matches an unknown string in an HTTP header, also known as a 'CRIME' attack.

CVE-2012-4929 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2012-4929. A base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.42 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

The "ICMP Timestamp Request Remote Date Disclosure" vulnerability involves the use of ICMP (Internet control message protocol) to request and receive timestamp information from a target system.

CVE-1999-0524 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-1999-0524. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

For more information, please refer to ABB's Cybersecurity Advisory 2NGA002579. It provides a comprehensive mapping of mitigation applicability in relation to each individual vulnerability listed.

ABB recommends the following mitigations:

1. Obtain a cellular private access point (APN). A dedicated private cellular access point and respective SIM card subscriptions can be requested from the cellular service provider. This service doesn't expose the traffic between remote sites and the main site to the Internet but rather uses the cellular operator's private wide area network (WAN). Therefore, the ARM600 wouldn't need open ports to the Internet.
2. Avoid exposing any system component to the Internet. If the ARM600 must be exposed to the Internet, only the VPN port should be opened towards the Internet (e.g., Patrol management connections can be configured to use a VPN tunnel, and remote administration connections can be implemented using an OpenVPN PC-client).
3. The ARM600 system is by default not dependent on the name service (DNS). If the name service is not used in the system, the name service port (TCP/UDP Port 53) can be blocked by a firewall.
4. Perform firewall configuration using the 'allowlisting' principle, explicitly allowing only the required ports and protocols and blocking all other traffic.
5. Filter specific ICMP packets from external systems (ICMP type 13 and 14) using a firewall to avoid exposing the system time.
6. If the Internet is used as a WAN medium for carrying VPN tunnels, use a demilitarized zone (DMZ) for terminating connections from the Internet. Remote connections should terminate in the DMZ network, which would be segregated from other networks by a firewall. The ARM600 server should be located in this DMZ.
7. Change the default user credentials of ARM600 and Arctic wireless gateways into non-defaults and use complex non-guessable passwords with special characters. Do not reuse passwords within the system.
8. Use administrator (i.e., root user) privileges only when required by the task.
9. Supporting systems, such as PCs used for configuration, should be frequently updated. If possible, use dedicated site PCs for upgrading and engineering purposes. At a minimum, PCs should be investigated by running a full virus scan with recently updated signature files before introducing the PC to the OT system. Any data, such as device configurations and firmware update files, should be virus scanned prior to transferring to the Arctic system.
10. Introduce a backup policy to ensure periodic backups and backup revision numbering. Consider the following:
    a. Check that the entire system has backups available from all applicable parts.
    b. Store the backups in a safe place (e.g. in an encrypted storage), restricted by role-based access control mechanisms.
    c. Ensure the security of the configuration PCs that may have local copies of device configurations.
    d. Validate the backups to ensure they are working.
11. Follow cyber security best practices for installation, operation, and decommissioning as described in the product's cyber security deployment guideline and user manual.
12. Use continuous monitoring (e.g., intrusion detection/prevention tools) to detect anomalies in the system.
13. Consider hardening the system according to the following:
    a. Remove any unnecessary communication links in the system.
    b. If possible, close unused physical ports.
    c. Open only the necessary TCP/UDP ports in the configuration.
    d. Remove all unnecessary user accounts.
    e. Restrict traffic by firewall.
    f. Allow the traffic only from/to necessary hosts' IP addresses (i.e., define both source and destination in the firewall rules, where possible).
    g. Define client IP address as allowed address in SCADA communication protocols, if such configuration is supported.
    h. Remove or deactivate all unused processes, communication ports, and services where possible.
    i. Use physical access controls to the system installations (e.g., to server rooms and device cabinets).
14. In ARM600SW installations, avoid servers with AMD processors vulnerable to the following: CVE-2021-26401, CVE-2023-20569 and CVE-2023-20593.
15. Avoid using AX88179_178A chipset-based USB-to-ethernet devices.

ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of cyber security practices for any installation of software-related ABB products:

• Isolate special purpose networks (e.g., for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls and separate them from any general purpose network (e.g., office or home networks).
• Install physical controls to ensure no unauthorized personnel can access the devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Never connect programming software or computers containing programming software to any network other than the network intended for the devices.
• Scan all data imported into the environment before use to detect potential malware infections.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires it.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date with installed software, operating system, and firmware patches, as well as anti-virus and firewall updates.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Republication of ABB 2NGA002579

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric Europe B.V.
• Equipment: smartRTU
• Vulnerability: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, OS Command Injection

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose, tamper with, destroy or delete information in the product, or cause a denial-of service condition on the product.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Mitsubishi Electric Europe reports following versions of smartRTU are affected:

• smartRTU: Versions 3.37 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306

A remote unauthenticated attacker may be able to bypass authentication by utilizing a specific API route to execute arbitrary OS commands.

CVE-2025-3232 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3232. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command CWE-78

A remote unauthenticated attacker who has bypassed authentication could execute arbitrary OS commands to disclose, tamper with, destroy or delete information in Mitsubishi Electric smartRTU, or cause a denial-of service condition on the product.

CVE-2025-3128 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3128. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Noam Moshe of Claroty Team82 reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Mitsubishi Electric Europe B.V. recommends that users take note of the following mitigation measures to minimize the risk of exploiting this vulnerability:

• Use a firewall or virtual private network (VPN), etc. to prevent unauthorized access when Internet access is required.
• Use within a LAN and block access from untrusted networks and hosts through firewalls.
• Use web application firewall (WAF) to prevent to filter, monitor and block any malicious HTTP/HTTPS traffic.
• Allow web client access from trusted networks only.

For more information, please see Mitsubishi Electric Europe MEU_PSIRT_2025-3128 under the "Vulnerability Information" section.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 15, 2025: Initial Publication

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 5.4
• ATTENTION: Exploitable locally
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: License Server
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Privilege Management, Improper Certificate Validation

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow a low-privileged local user to escalate privileges or perform arbitrary code execution.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• License Server (SLS): All versions before V4.3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

The affected application searches for executable files in the application folder without proper validation. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with administrative privileges by placing a malicious executable in the same directory.

CVE-2025-29999 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-29999. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER CERTIFICATE VALIDATION CWE-295

The affected application does not properly restrict permissions of the users. This could allow a lowly-privileged attacker to escalate their privileges.

CVE-2025-30000 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30000. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Chemical, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Intel PSIRT reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released a new version for Siemens License Server (SLS)
and recommends updating to the latest version:

• Siemens License Server (SLS): Update to V4.3 or later version. (login required)

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-525431 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely. These vulnerabilities have a high attack complexity.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication

 

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.1
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SIDIS Prime
• Vulnerabilities: Race Condition Enabling Link Following, Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, Unchecked Input for Loop Condition, Expected Behavior Violation, Incorrect Provision of Specified Functionality, Heap-based Buffer Overflow, Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, Use After Free, NULL Pointer Dereference, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Out-of-bounds Write, Improper Input Validation, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute unauthorized deletions, cause denial of service, corrupt application state, leak sensitive information, or potentially execute remote code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• SIDIS Prime: All versions before V4.0.700

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 RACE CONDITION ENABLING LINK FOLLOWING CWE-363

Rust is a multi-paradigm, general-purpose programming language designed for performance and safety, especially safe concurrency. The Rust Security Response WG was notified that the std::fs::remove_dir_all standard library function is vulnerable to a race condition enabling symlink following (CWE-363). An attacker could use this security issue to trick a privileged program into deleting files and directories the attacker couldn't otherwise access or delete. Rust 1.0.0 through Rust 1.58.0 is affected by this vulnerability with 1.58.1 containing a patch. Note that the following build targets don't have usable APIs to properly mitigate the attack and are thus still vulnerable even with a patched toolchain: macOS before version 10.10 (Yosemite) and REDOX. It is recommended to update to Rust 1.58.1 as soon as possible, especially people developing programs expected to run in privileged contexts (including system daemons and setuid binaries), as those have the highest risk of being affected by this. Note that adding checks in your codebase before calling remove_dir_all will not mitigate the vulnerability, as they would also be vulnerable to race conditions like remove_dir_all itself. The existing mitigation is working as intended outside of race conditions.

CVE-2022-21658 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-21658. A base score of 5.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER VALIDATION OF INTEGRITY CHECK VALUE CWE-354

The AES-SIV cipher implementation contains a bug that causes it to ignore empty associated data entries which are unauthenticated as a consequence. Applications that use the AES-SIV algorithm and want to authenticate empty data entries as associated data can be misled by removing adding or reordering such empty entries as these are ignored by the OpenSSL implementation. We are currently unaware of any such applications. The AES-SIV algorithm allows for authentication of multiple associated data entries along with the encryption. To authenticate empty data the application has to call EVP_EncryptUpdate() (or EVP_CipherUpdate()) with NULL pointer as the output buffer and 0 as the input buffer length. The AES-SIV implementation in OpenSSL just returns success for such a call instead of performing the associated data authentication operation. The empty data thus will not be authenticated. As this issue does not affect non-empty associated data authentication and we expect it to be rare for an application to use empty associated data entries this is qualified as a low-severity issue.

CVE-2023-2975 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-2975. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 UNCHECKED INPUT FOR LOOP CONDITION CWE-606

Checking excessively long DH keys or parameters may be very slow. Applications that use the functions DH_check(), DH_check_ex() or EVP_PKEY_param_check() to check a DH key or DH parameters may experience long delays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained from an untrusted source this may lead to a denial of service. The function DH_check() performs various checks on DH parameters. One of those checks confirms that the modulus ('p' parameter) is not too large. Trying to use a very large modulus is slow and OpenSSL will not normally use a modulus which is over 10,000 bits in length. However, the DH_check() function checks numerous aspects of the key or parameters that have been supplied. Some of those checks use the supplied modulus value even if it has already been found to be too large. An application that calls DH_check() and supplies a key or parameters obtained from an untrusted source could be vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack. The function DH_check() is itself called by a number of other OpenSSL functions. An application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected. The other functions affected by this are DH_check_ex() and EVP_PKEY_param_check(). Also vulnerable are the OpenSSL dhparam and pkeyparam command line applications when using the '-check' option. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-3446 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-3446. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 EXPECTED BEHAVIOR VIOLATION CWE-440

The POLY1305 MAC (message authentication code) implementation contains a bug that might corrupt the internal state of applications on the Windows 64 platform when running on newer X86_64 processors supporting the AVX512-IFMA instructions. If in an application that uses the OpenSSL library an attacker can influence whether the POLY1305 MAC algorithm is used, the application state might be corrupted with various application dependent consequences. The POLY1305 MAC (message authentication code) implementation in OpenSSL does not save the contents of non-volatile XMM registers on the Windows 64 platform when calculating the MAC of data larger than 64 bytes. Before returning to the caller all the XMM registers are set to zero rather than restoring their previous content. The vulnerable code is used only on newer x86_64 processors supporting the AVX512-IFMA instructions. The consequences of this kind of internal application state corruption can be various - from no consequences, if the calling application does not depend on the contents of non-volatile XMM registers at all, to the worst consequences, where the attacker could get complete control of the application process. However given the contents of the registers are just zeroized so the attacker cannot put arbitrary values inside, the most likely consequence, if any, would be an incorrect result of some application dependent calculations or a crash leading to a denial of service. The POLY1305 MAC algorithm is most frequently used as part of the CHACHA20-POLY1305 AEAD (authenticated encryption with associated data) algorithm. The most common usage of this AEAD cipher is with TLS protocol versions 1.2 and 1.3 and a malicious client can influence whether this AEAD cipher is used by the server. This implies that server applications using OpenSSL can be potentially impacted. However we are currently not aware of any concrete application that would be affected by this issue therefore we consider this a low-severity security issue. As a workaround the AVX512-IFMA instructions support can be disabled at runtime by setting the environment variable OPENSSL_ia32cap: OPENSSL_ia32cap=:~0x200000 The FIPS provider is not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-4807 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-4807. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 INCORRECT PROVISION OF SPECIFIED FUNCTIONALITY CWE-684

A bug has been identified in the processing of key and initialization vector (IV) lengths. This can lead to potential truncation or overruns during the initialization of some symmetric ciphers. A truncation in the IV can result in non-uniqueness which could result in loss of confidentiality for some cipher modes. When calling EVP_EncryptInit_ex2(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex2() or EVP_CipherInit_ex2() the provided OSSL_PARAM array is processed after the key and IV have been established. Any alterations to the key length, via the "keylen" parameter or the IV length, via the "ivlen" parameter, within the OSSL_PARAM array will not take effect as intended, potentially causing truncation or overreading of these values. The following ciphers and cipher modes are impacted: RC2, RC4, RC5, CCM, GCM and OCB. For the CCM, GCM and OCB cipher modes, truncation of the IV can result in loss of confidentiality. For example, when following NIST's SP 800-38D section 8.2.1 guidance for constructing a deterministic IV for AES in GCM mode, truncation of the counter portion could lead to IV reuse. Both truncations and overruns of the key and overruns of the IV will produce incorrect results and could, in some cases, trigger a memory exception. However, these issues are not currently assessed as security critical. Changing the key and/or IV lengths is not considered to be a common operation and the vulnerable API was recently introduced. Furthermore, it is likely that application developers will have spotted this problem during testing since decryption would fail unless both peers in the communication were similarly vulnerable. For these reasons we expect the probability of an application being vulnerable to this to be quite low. However, if an application is vulnerable then this issue is considered very serious. For these reasons, this issue is assessed as moderate severity overall. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this because the issue lies outside of the FIPS provider boundary. OpenSSL 3.1 and 3.0 are vulnerable to this issue.

CVE-2023-5363 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-5363. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 UNCHECKED INPUT FOR LOOP CONDITION CWE-606

Generating excessively long X9.42 DH keys or checking excessively long X9.42 DH keys or parameters may be very slow. Applications that use the functions DH_generate_key() to generate an X9.42 DH key may experience long delays. Likewise, applications that use DH_check_pub_key(), DH_check_pub_key_ex() or EVP_PKEY_public_check() to check an X9.42 DH key or X9.42 DH parameters may experience long delays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained from an untrusted source this may lead to a denial of service. While DH_check() performs all the necessary checks (as of CVE-2023-3817), DH_check_pub_key() doesn't make any of these checks and is therefore vulnerable for excessively large P and Q parameters. Likewise, while DH_generate_key() performs a check for an excessively large P, it doesn't check for an excessively large Q. An application that calls DH_generate_key() or DH_check_pub_key() and supplies a key or parameters obtained from an untrusted source could be vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack. DH_generate_key() and DH_check_pub_key() are also called by a number of other OpenSSL functions. An application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected. The other functions affected by this are DH_check_pub_key_ex(), EVP_PKEY_public_check(), and EVP_PKEY_generate(). Also vulnerable are the OpenSSL pkey command line application when using the "-pubcheck" option, as well as the OpenSSL genpkey command line application. The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2023-5678 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-5678. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122

A vulnerability was found in SQLite SQLite3 up to 3.43.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function sessionReadRecord of the file ext/session/sqlite3session.c of the component make alltest Handler. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

CVE-2023-7104 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-7104. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319

Microsoft.Data.SqlClient and System.Data.SqlClient SQL data provider security feature bypass vulnerability.

CVE-2024-0056 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0056. A base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

A heap use-after-free issue has been identified in SQLite in the jsonParseAddNodeArray() function in sqlite3.c. This flaw allows a local attacker to leverage a victim to pass specially crafted malicious input to the application, potentially causing a crash and leading to a denial of service.

CVE-2024-0232 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0232. A base score of 5.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

Processing a maliciously formatted PKCS12 file may lead OpenSSL to crash leading to a potential denial-of-service attack. Applications loading files in the PKCS12 format from untrusted sources might terminate abruptly. A file in PKCS12 format can contain certificates and keys and may come from an untrusted source. The PKCS12 specification allows certain fields to be NULL, but OpenSSL does not correctly check for this case. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference that results in OpenSSL crashing. If an application processes PKCS12 files from an untrusted source using the OpenSSL APIs then that application will be vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL APIs that are vulnerable to this are: PKCS12_parse(), PKCS12_unpack_p7data(), PKCS12_unpack_p7encdata(), PKCS12_unpack_authsafes() and PKCS12_newpass(). A similar issue was also fixed in SMIME_write_PKCS7(). However, since this function is related to writing data it is not considered security significant. The FIPS modules in 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2024-0727 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-0727. A base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

Calling the OpenSSL API function SSL_select_next_proto with an empty supported client protocols buffer may cause a crash or memory contents to be sent to the peer. A buffer overread can have a range of potential consequences such as unexpected application behavior or a crash. In particular this issue could result in up to 255 bytes of arbitrary private data from memory being sent to the peer leading to a loss of confidentiality. However, only applications that directly call the SSL_select_next_proto function with a zero-length list of supported client protocols are affected by this issue. This would normally never be a valid scenario and is typically not under attacker control but may occur by accident in the case of a configuration or programming error in the calling application. The OpenSSL API function SSL_select_next_proto is typically used by TLS applications that support ALPN (Application Layer Protocol Negotiation) or NPN (Next Protocol Negotiation). NPN is older, was never standardized, and is deprecated in favor of ALPN. We believe that ALPN is significantly more widely deployed than NPN. The SSL_select_next_proto function accepts a list of protocols from the server and a list of protocols from the client and returns the first protocol that appears in the server list that also appears in the client list. In the case of no overlap between the two lists it returns the first item in the client list. In either case it will signal whether an overlap between the two lists was found. In the case where SSL_select_next_proto is called with a zero-length client list it fails to notice this condition and returns the memory immediately following the client list pointer (and reports that there was no overlap in the lists). This function is typically called from a server side application callback for ALPN or a client side application callback for NPN. In the case of ALPN the list of protocols supplied by the client is guaranteed by libssl to never be zero in length. The list of server protocols comes from the application and should never normally be expected to be of zero-length. In this case if the SSL_select_next_proto function has been called as expected (with the list supplied by the client passed in the client/client_len parameters), then the application will not be vulnerable to this issue. If the application has accidentally been configured with a zero-length server list, and has accidentally passed that zero-length server list in the client/client_len parameters, and has additionally failed to correctly handle a "no overlap" response (which would normally result in a handshake failure in ALPN) then it will be vulnerable to this problem. In the case of NPN, the protocol permits the client to opportunistically select a protocol when there is no overlap. OpenSSL returns the first client protocol in the no overlap case in support of this. The list of client protocols comes from the application and should never normally be expected to be of zero-length. However, if the SSL_select_next_proto function is accidentally called with a client_len of 0 then an invalid memory pointer will be returned instead. If the application uses this output as the opportunistic protocol then the loss of confidentiality will occur. This issue has been assessed as low severity because applications are most likely to be vulnerable if they are using NPN instead of ALPN - but NPN is not widely used. It also requires an application configuration or programming error. Finally, this issue would not typically be under attacker control making active exploitation unlikely. The FIPS modules in 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue. Due to the low severity of this issue, there is not a new release of OpenSSL at this time. The fix will be included in the next releases when they become available.

CVE-2024-5535 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5535. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.12 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

Use of the low-level GF(2m) elliptic curve APIs with untrusted explicit values for the field polynomial can lead to out-of-bounds memory reads or writes. Out-of-bound memory writes can lead to an application crash or even a possibility of a remote code execution, however, in all the protocols involving elliptic curve cryptography that we're aware of, either only "named curves" are supported, or, if explicit curve parameters are supported, they specify an X9.62 encoding of binary (GF(2m)) curves that can't represent problematic input values. Thus, the likelihood of existence of a vulnerable application is low. In particular, the X9.62 encoding is used for ECC keys in X.509 certificates, so problematic inputs cannot occur in the context of processing X.509 certificates. Any problematic use-cases would have to be using an "exotic" curve encoding. The affected APIs include: EC_GROUP_new_curve_GF2m(), EC_GROUP_new_from_params(), and various supporting BN_GF2m_*() functions. Applications working with "exotic" explicit binary (GF(2m)) curve parameters, that make it possible to represent invalid field polynomials with a zero constant term, via the above or similar APIs, may terminate abruptly as a result of reading or writing outside of array bounds. Remote code execution cannot easily be ruled out. The FIPS modules in 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue.

CVE-2024-9143 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-9143. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.13 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

Microsoft identity denial-of-service vulnerability.

CVE-2024-21319 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-21319. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.14 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400

.NET and Visual Studio denial-of-service vulnerability.

CVE-2024-30105 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-30105. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Chemical, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Food and Agriculture, Water and Wastewater Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens ProductCERT reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has released a new version of SIDIS Prime and recommends updating to the latest version:

• SIDIS Prime: Update to V4.0.700 or a later version

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-277137 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 7.3
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Solid Edge SE2024, Solid Edge SE2025
• Vulnerability: Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Solid Edge SE2024: All versions prior to V224.0 Update 12
• Siemens Solid Edge SE2025: All versions prior to V225.0 Update 3

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

The affected application contains an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated buffer while parsing X_T data or a specially crafted file in X_T format. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.

CVE-2024-54091 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-54091. A base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Solid Edge SE2024: Update to V224.0 Update 12 or later version
• Solid Edge SE2025: Update to V225.0 Update 3 or later version
• Do not open untrusted X_T files or provide untrusted X_T data to affected applications

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-672923 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens Advisory SSA-672923

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.3
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Industrial Edge Devices
• Vulnerability: Weak Authentication

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication and impersonate a legitimate user.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Industrial Edge Own Device (IEOD): All versions prior to V1.21.1-1-a
• Siemens Industrial Edge Virtual Device: All versions prior to V1.21.1-1-a
• Siemens SCALANCE LPE9413 (6GK5998-3GS01-2AC2): All versions
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC127E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior to V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC227E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC427E Industrial Edge Device: All versions
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC847E Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC BX-39A Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0
• Siemens SIMATIC IPC BX-59A Industrial Edge Device: All versions prior V3.0

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 WEAK AUTHENTICATION CWE-1390

The affected devices do not properly enforce user authentication on specific API endpoints when identity federation is used. This could facilitate an unauthenticated remote attacker to circumvent authentication and impersonate a legitimate user.

CVE-2024-54092 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-54092. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• SCALANCE LPE9413 (6GK5998-3GS01-2AC2), SIMATIC IPC427E Industrial Edge Device: Currently no fix is available
• Industrial Edge Virtual Device: Update to V1.21.1-1-a or later version
• Industrial Edge Own Device (IEOD): Update to V1.21.1-1-a or later version
• SIMATIC IPC BX-39A Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC BX-59A Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC127E Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC227E Industrial Edge Device, SIMATIC IPC847E Industrial Edge Device: Update to V3.0 or later version
• Ensure network access to affected products is limited to trusted parties only

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-634640 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens SSA-634640

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 9.8
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: Insights Hub Private Cloud
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Input Validation, Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to perform arbitrary code execution, disclose information, or lead to a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• Siemens Insights Hub Private Cloud: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the auth-tls-match-cn Ingress annotation can be used to inject configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1097 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the mirror-target and mirror-host Ingress annotations can be used to inject arbitrary configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller, and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1098 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.3 IMPROPER ISOLATION OR COMPARTMENTALIZATION CWE-653

A security issue was discovered in Kubernetes where under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with access to the pod network can achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller. This can lead to disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-1974 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.4 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where attacker-provided data are included in a filename by the ingress-nginx Admission Controller feature, resulting in directory traversal within the container. This could result in denial-of-service, or when combined with other vulnerabilities, limited disclosure of Secret objects from the cluster.

CVE-2025-24513 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L).

3.2.5 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx where the auth-url Ingress annotation can be used to inject configuration into nginx. This can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the ingress-nginx controller, and disclosure of Secrets accessible to the controller. (Note that in the default installation, the controller can access all Secrets cluster-wide.)

CVE-2025-24514 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• Insights Hub Private Cloud: Contact customer support to receive patch and update information

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-817234 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication of Siemens Advisory SSA-817234

As of January 10, 2023, CISA will no longer be updating ICS security advisories for Siemens product vulnerabilities beyond the initial advisory. For the most up-to-date information on vulnerabilities in this advisory, please see Siemens' ProductCERT Security Advisories (CERT Services | Services | Siemens Global).

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 10.0
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Siemens
• Equipment: SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'), Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), Unverified Password Change

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges or allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to read or clear the log files on the device, reset the device, set the date and time, access arbitrary files on the device with root privileges, or enable remote access to the device.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Siemens reports that the following products are affected:

• SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the input parameters in specific GET requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41788 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41788. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the language parameter in specific POST requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41789 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41789. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.3 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND ('OS COMMAND INJECTION') CWE-78

The web interface of affected devices does not sanitize the region parameter in specific POST requests. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41790 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41790. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.4 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The web interface of affected devices does not authenticate report creation requests. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to read or clear the log files on the device, reset the device or set the date and time.

CVE-2024-41791 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41791. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

The web interface of affected devices contains a path traversal vulnerability. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to access arbitrary files on the device with root privileges.

CVE-2024-41792 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41792. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The web interface of affected devices provides an endpoint that allows to enable the SSH service without authentication. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to enable remote access to the device via SSH.

CVE-2024-41793 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41793. A base score of 7.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N).

3.2.7 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

Affected devices contain hardcoded credentials for remote access to the device operating system with root privileges. This could allow unauthenticated remote attackers to gain full access to a device, if they are in possession of these credentials and if the SSH service is enabled (e.g., by exploitation of CVE-2024-41793).

CVE-2024-41794 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41794. A base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).

3.2.8 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352

The web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to change arbitrary device settings by tricking a legitimate device administrator to click on a malicious link.

CVE-2024-41795 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41795. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 UNVERIFIED PASSWORD CHANGE CWE-620

The web interface of affected devices allows changing the login password without knowing the current password. In combination with a prepared CSRF attack (CVE-2024-41795) an unauthenticated attacker could be able to set the password to an attacker-controlled value.

CVE-2024-41796 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for  CVE-2024-41796. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany

3.4 RESEARCHER

Siemens Energy reported these vulnerabilities to Siemens.

4. MITIGATIONS

To fix the vulnerabilities, Siemens recommends users replace vulnerable devices with the new SENTRON 7KT PAC1261 Data Manager and update it to the latest available firmware version.

Siemens has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• (CVE-2024-41795, CVE-2024-41796) SENTRON 7KT PAC1260 Data Manager: Do not access links from untrusted sources while logged in at affected devices.

As a general security measure, Siemens recommends protecting network access to devices with appropriate mechanisms. To operate the devices in a protected IT environment, Siemens recommends configuring the environment according to Siemens' operational guidelines for industrial security and following recommendations in the product manuals.

Additional information on industrial security by Siemens can be found on the Siemens industrial security webpage

For more information see the associated Siemens security advisory SSA-187636 in HTML and CSAF.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication of Siemens SSA-187636

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.5
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Rockwell Automation
• Equipment: Arena
• Vulnerabilities: Use of Uninitialized Variable, Out-of-bounds Write, Out-of-bounds Read, Stack-based Buffer Overflow

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could disclose information to an attacker or allow execution of arbitrary code on the system.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Rockwell Automation reports the following versions of Arena simulation software are affected:

• Arena: Versions 16.20.08 and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2285 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2285. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2286. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 Use of Uninitialized Variable CWE-457

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to an uninitialized pointer. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2287 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2287. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2288 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2288. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2293 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2293. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 Out-of-bounds Write CWE-787

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to write outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-2829 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-2829. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3285 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3285. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3286. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.9 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3287 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3287. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.10 Out-of-bounds Read CWE-125

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a threat actor being able to read outside of the allocated memory buffer. The flaw is a result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited, a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3288 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3288. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.11 Stack-based Buffer Overflow CWE-121

A local code execution vulnerability exists in Rockwell Automation Arena due to a stack-based memory buffer overflow. The flaw is result of improper validation of user-supplied data. If exploited a threat actor can disclose information and execute arbitrary code on the system. To exploit the vulnerability a legitimate user must open a malicious DOE file.

CVE-2025-3289 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-3289. A base score of 8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Rockwell Automation recommends users upgrade to V16.20.09 or later.

For information on how to mitigate security risks on industrial automation control systems, Rockwell Automation encourages users to implement their suggested security best practices (login required) to minimize the risk of the vulnerability.

For more information about these issues, please see the Rockwell Automation security advisory SD1726.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Republication of Rockwell Automation security advisory SD1726.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Subnet Solutions Inc.
• Equipment: PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) 2020
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-Bounds Read, Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Subnet Solutions products are affected:

• PowerSYSTEM Center 2020: Versions 5.24.x and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

PowerSYSTEM Center's SMTPS notification service can be affected by importing an EC certificate with crafted F2m parameters, which can lead to excessive CPU consumption during the evaluation of the curve parameters.

CVE-2025-31354 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31354. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 DESERIALIZATION OF UNTRUSTED DATA CWE-502

PowerSYSTEM Center is affected by a mishandling of exceptional conditions vulnerability. Crafted data that is passed to the API may trigger an exception, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2025-31935 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31935. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Canada

3.4 RESEARCHER

Subnet Solutions Inc. reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Subnet Solutions Inc. recommends users update PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) to the latest versions:

• PSC 2020 Update 25
• PSC 2024

If updating PSC is not possible, Subnet Solutions Inc recommends users apply the following mitigations to help reduce risk:

• Disable Notification Service, Email Dispatch Service, or the outgoing email server in Notifications/Settings.
• Configure PowerSYSTEM Center DCS network firewall to only allow connections to an approved and authorized email server.
• Manage administrator access to PowerSYSTEM Center DCS operating system.
• Monitor user activity records to ensure users are following acceptable usage policies of the application.

For assistance with updating PSC, reach out directly to Subnet Solutions.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: ABB
• Equipment: Arctic Wireless Gateways
• Vulnerabilities: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Improper Privilege Management, Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could run arbitrary code in the product with privileged user permissions or could lead to a denial of service or tampering with unencrypted traffic.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports there are vulnerabilities in the Telit PL62-W wireless modem module used in the following products:

• Arctic ARP600, ARC600, ARR600: Firmware versions 3.4.10, 3.4.11, 3.4.12, 3.4.13 (CVE-2024-6387)
• Arctic Wireless Gateways ARG600, ARC600, ARR600: All versions with Telit PLS62-W wireless modem module (CVE-2023-47610, CVE-2023-47611, CVE-2023-47612, CVE-2023-47613, CVE-2023-47614, CVE-2023-47615, CVE-2023-47616)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 BUFFER COPY WITHOUT CHECKING SIZE OF INPUT ('CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW') CWE-120

A buffer overflow vulnerability could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the targeted system by sending a specially crafted short message service (SMS) message.

CVE-2023-47610 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47610. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT CWE-269

An improper privilege management vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to elevate privileges to "manufacturer" level on the targeted system by sending a specially crafted SMS message.

CVE-2023-47611 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47611. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

Files or directories accessible to an external parties vulnerability could allow an attacker with physical access to the target system to obtain a read/write access to any files and directories on the wireless modem module, including hidden files and directories.

CVE-2023-47612 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47612. A base score of 5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

A relative path traversal vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to escape from virtual directories and get read/write access to protected files on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47613 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47613. A base score of 2.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.5 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose hidden virtual paths and file names on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47614 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47614. A base score of 2.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.6 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information through environmental variables vulnerability could allow a local, low-privileged attacker to get access to sensitive data on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47615 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47615. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.7 EXPOSURE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION TO AN UNAUTHORIZED ACTOR CWE-200

An exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor vulnerability could allow an attacker with physical access to the target system to get access to sensitive data on the wireless modem module.

CVE-2023-47616 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-47616. A base score of 5.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.8 CONCURRENT EXECUTION USING SHARED RESOURCE WITH IMPROPER SYNCHRONIZATION ('RACE CONDITION') CWE-362

This vulnerability is a signal handler race condition in OpenSSH's server (sshd) on glibc-based Linux systems, allowing unauthenticated remote code execution as root.

CVE-2024-6387 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-6387. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

ABB reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

ABB recommends users to perform the following actions at their earliest convenience:

• Modem module vulnerability mitigations: Mitigate the cellular module vulnerabilities by contacting the mobile network operator and requesting to disable binary SMS for a mobile subscription. Note that binary SMS service is often disabled by default based on operator restrictions. If SMS services are not used in the solution, consider disabling them completely.
• SSH vulnerability mitigations: Establish remote connections through OpenVPN. If the SSH protocol is used for remote administration of Arctic wireless gateway, it is to be considered logging in to the wireless gateway through an OpenVPN tunnel. Do not expose SSH port to public networks. Keep the SSH port closed to public networks and thus limit the number of potential attackers who can attempt to exploit the vulnerability. This way only devices within the private network or those connected through a secure VPN can access the SSH server.
• Common mitigations: Obtain a private cellular access point to limit impact of any potential exploit. Contact the cellular provider for availability. Restrict physical access to the product. Follow general security recommendations for further advice on how to keep the system secure.

For more information, please refer to ABB's Cybersecurity Advisory 2NGA002427.

ABB strongly recommends the following (non-exhaustive) list of cyber security practices for any installation of software-related ABB products:

• Isolate special purpose networks (e.g., for automation systems) and remote devices behind firewalls and separate them from any general purpose network (e.g., office or home networks).
• Install physical controls so no unauthorized personnel can access the devices, components, peripheral equipment, and networks.
• Never connect programming software or computers containing programing software to any network other than the network for the devices that it is intended for.
• Scan all data imported into your environment before use to detect potential malware infections.
• Minimize network exposure for all applications and endpoints to ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet unless they are designed for such exposure and the intended use requires such.
• Ensure all nodes are always up to date in terms of installed software, operating system, and firmware patches as well as anti-virus and firewall.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private networks (VPNs). Recognize that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also, understand that VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Re-publication of ABB 2NGA002427.

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.7
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: RTU500 series
• Vulnerabilities: Null Pointer Dereference, Insufficient Resource Pool, Missing Synchronization

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Hitachi Energy products are affected:

• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.0.1 - 12.0.14 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.2.1 - 12.2.12 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.4.1 - 12.4.11 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.6.1 - 12.6.10 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 12.7.1 - 12.7.7 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.2.1 - 13.2.7 (CVE-2024-10037)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.4.1 - 13.4.4 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.5.1 - 13.5.3 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.6.1 (CVE-2024-10037, CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2024-12169)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.7.1 (CVE-2024-11499)
• RTU500 series CMU: Versions 13.7.1 - 13.7.4 (CVE-2024-12169, CVE-2025-1445)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A vulnerability exists in the RTU500 web server component that can cause a denial of service to the RTU500 CMU application if a specially crafted message sequence is executed on a WebSocket connection. An attacker must be properly authenticated and the test mode function of RTU500 must be enabled to exploit this vulnerability. The affected CMU will automatically recover itself if an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability.

CVE-2024-10037 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-10037. A base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 NULL POINTER DEREFERENCE CWE-476

A vulnerability exists in RTU500 IEC 60870-4-104 controlled station functionality, that allows an authenticated and authorized attacker to perform a CMU re-start. The vulnerability can be triggered if certificates are updated while in use on active connections. The affected CMU will automatically recover itself if an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability.

CVE-2024-11499 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-11499. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 INSUFFICIENT RESOURCE POOL CWE-410

A vulnerability exists in RTU500 IEC 60870-5-104 controlled station functionality and IEC 61850 functionality, that allows an attacker performing a specific attack sequence to restart the affected CMU. This vulnerability only applies, if secure communication using IEC 62351-3 (TLS) is enabled.

CVE-2024-12169 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-12169. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 MISSING SYNCHRONIZATION CWE-820

A vulnerability exists in RTU IEC 61850 client and server functionality that could impact the availability if renegotiation of an open IEC61850 TLS connection takes place in specific timing situations, when IEC61850 communication is active. Precondition is that IEC61850 as client or server are configured using TLS on RTU500 device. It affects the CMU the IEC61850 stack is configured on.

CVE-2025-1445 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-1445. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Hitachi Energy reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• For all versions, apply general mitigation factors/workarounds. Upgrade the system once remediated version is available, or apply general mitigation factors.
• RTU500 series CMU 12.0.1 - 12.0.14, 12.2.1 - 12.2.12, 12.4.1 - 12.4.11, 12.6.1 - 12.6.10, 12.7.1 - 12.7.7: Update to version 12.7.8 when available.
• RTU500 series CMU version 13.2.1 - 13.2.7, 13.4.1 - 13.4.4, 13.5.1 - 13.5.3, 13.6.1: Update to version 13.7.1
• RTU500 series CMU 13.5.1 - 13.5.3: Update to version 13.5.4 when available.
• RTU500 series CMU 13.6.1: Update to version 13.6.2 when available.
• (CVE-2024-11499, CVE-2025-1445) RTU500 series CMU 13.7.1 - 13.7.4: Update to version 13.7.6 when available.
• (CVE-2024-12169) RTU500 series CMU 13.4.1 - 13.4.4, 13.5.1 - 13.5.3, 13.6.1, 13.7.1 - 13.7.4: Update to version 13.7.6 when available.

For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000207 Cybersecurity Advisory - Multiple Denial-of-Service Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy's RTU500 Series Product.

Hitachi Energy recommends users implement recommended security practices and firewall configurations to help protect the process control network from attacks originating from outside the network. Process control systems should be physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and be separated from other networks by means of a firewall system with a minimal number of ports exposed. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy 8DBD000207

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: TRMTracker
• Vulnerabilities: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to execute limited remote commands, poison web-cache, or disclose and modify sensitive information.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following products are affected:

• TRMTracker: Versions 6.2.04 and prior
• TRMTracker: Versions 6.3.0 and 6.3.01

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection') CWE-90

The TRMTracker web application is vulnerable to LDAP injection attack potentially allowing an attacker to inject code into a query and execute remote commands that can read and update data on the website.

CVE-2025-27631 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27631. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') CWE-74

A Host Header Injection vulnerability in TRMTracker application may allow an attacker to modify the host header value in an HTTP request to leverage multiple attack vectors, including defacing the site content through web-cache poisoning

CVE-2025-27632 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27632. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.2.3 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') CWE-79

The TRMTracker web application is vulnerable to reflected cross-site scripting attack. The application allows clientside code injection that might be used to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of the system.

CVE-2025-27633 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-27633. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd, South Africa reported these vulnerabilities to Hitachi Energy.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy recommends users update to the following versions:

• TRMTracker Versions 6.2.04 and below: Update to v6.2.04.014 or v6.3.02
• TRMTracker Versions 6.3.0 and 6.3.01: Update to v6.3.02
• Apply general mitigation factors

For more information, see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000210 Cybersecurity Advisory - Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy TRMTracker product.

Hitachi Energy recommends users implement recommended security practices and firewall configurations to help protect the process control network from attacks originating from outside the network. Process control systems should be physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and be separated from other networks by means of a firewall system with a minimal number of ports exposed. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system. Proper password policies and processes should be followed.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 3, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy 8DBD000210