View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 7.5
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: AFS650, AFS660, AFS665, AFS670, AFS675, AFS677, AFR677
• Vulnerabilities: Type Confusion, Use After Free, Double Free, Observable Discrepancy

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to create a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Hitachi Energy AFS/AFR are affected:

• AFS650: Version 9.1.08 and prior
• AFS660-C: Version 7.1.05 and prior
• AFS665-B: Version 7.1.05 and prior
• AFS670-V2: Version 7.1.05 and prior
• AFS670: Version 9.1.08 and prior
• AFS675: Version 9.1.08 and prior
• AFS677: Version 9.1.08 and prior
• AFR677: Version 9.1.08 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 ACCESS OF RESOURCE USING INCOMPATIBLE TYPE ('TYPE CONFUSION') CWE-843

There is a type confusion vulnerability relating to X.400 address processing inside an X.509 GeneralName. X.400 addresses were parsed as an ASN1_STRING but the public structure definition for GENERAL_NAME incorrectly specified the type of the x400Address field as ASN1_TYPE. For more details check the NVD link.

CVE-2023-0286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H).

3.2.2 USE AFTER FREE CWE-416

The public API function BIO_new_NDEF is a helper function used for streaming ASN.1 data via a BIO. It is primarily used internally to OpenSSL to support the SMIME, CMS and PKCS7 streaming capabilities, but may also be called directly by end user applications. 

CVE-2023-0215 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.3 DOUBLE FREE CWE-415

The function PEM_read_bio_ex() reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g."CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. 

CVE-2022-4450 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.2.4 OBSERVABLE DISCREPANCY CWE-203

A timing based side channel exists in the OpenSSL RSA Decryption implementation which could be sufficient to recover a plaintext across a network in a Bleichenbacher style attack. To achieve a successful decryption an attacker would have to be able to send a very large number of trial messages for decryption. The vulnerability affects all RSA padding modes: PKCS#1 v1.5, RSA-OEAP and RSASVE.

CVE-2022-4304 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Hitachi Energy reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy has released the following mitigations/fixes:

• AFS650: Update to AFS 650 firmware version 9.1.10
• AFS660-C, AFS665-B, AFS670-V2: Update to AFS 66x firmware version 7.1.08
• AFS670/675/677, AFR677: Update to AFS/AFR 67x firmware version 9.1.10

In addition, recommended security practices and firewall configurations can help protect a process control network from attacks that originate from outside the network. Such practices include that process control systems are physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and are separated from other networks by means of a firewall system that has a minimal number of ports exposed, and others that have to be evaluated case by case. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.

For more information, see Hitachi Energy's Cybersecurity Advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• July 23, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.4
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: National Instruments
• Equipment: IO Trace
• Vulnerability: Stack-Based Buffer Overflow

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary code.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following National Instruments I/O TRACE bundled products are affected:

• I/O TRACE: All versions

3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121

The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. User interaction is required to exploit the vulnerability in that the user must open a malicious nitrace file.

CVE-2024-5602 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5602. A base score of 8.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Defense Industrial Base, Information Technology, Transportation Systems
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

National Instruments has provided a fix for this issue and recommends users refer to their public advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability is not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• July 23, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Subnet Solutions Inc.
• Equipment: Subnet PowerSYSTEM Center
• Vulnerability: Prototype Pollution

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an authenticated attacker to elevate permissions.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Subnet PowerSYSTEM Center are affected:

• PowerSYSTEM Center 2020: Update 20 and prior

3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 IMPROPERLY CONTROLLED MODIFICATION OF OBJECT PROTOTYPE ATTRIBUTES ('PROTOTYPE POLLUTION') CWE-1321

Subnet PowerSYSTEM Center products are vulnerable to a prototype pollution vulnerability, which may allow an authenticated attacker to elevate permissions.

CVE-2023-26136 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-26136. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Canada

3.4 RESEARCHER

Subnet Solutions Inc. reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Subnet Solutions recommends users upgrade to PowerSYSTEM Center versions 2020 Update 21 or later. To obtain this software, contact Subnet Solution's Customer Service.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• July 18, 2024: Initial Publication

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 8.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely
• Vendor: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
• Equipment: MELSOFT MaiLab
• Vulnerability: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition in the target product.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Mitsubishi Electric reports that the following versions of MELSOFT MaiLab, a data science tool for manufacturing improvement, are affected:

• MELSOFT MaiLab SW1DND-MAILAB-M: versions 1.00A to 1.05F
• MELSOFT MaiLab SW1DND-MAILABPR-M: versions 1.00A to 1.05F

3.2 Vulnerability Overview 3.2.1 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature CWE-347

A denial-of-service vulnerability exists in the OpenSSL library used in MELSOFT MaiLab due to improper verification of cryptographic signature resulting from improper implementation of the POLY1305 message authentication code (MAC).

CVE-2023-4807 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2023-4807. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Mitsubishi Electric reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Mitsubishi Electric recommends users install the fixed version (ver.1.06G or later) and update the software. For information about how to install the fixed version, please contact your local Mitsubishi Electric representative.

Mitsubishi Electric recommends that users take the following mitigations to minimize the risk of exploiting this vulnerability:

• When internet access is required, use a firewall or a virtual private network (VPN) to prevent unauthorized access.
• Use the products within a control system, and protect the network and devices in the control system with a firewall to block access from untrusted networks and hosts.
• Restrict physical access to the PC on which the product is installed and the network to which the PC is connected to prevent unauthorized access.
• Do not click on web links in emails or other messages from untrusted sources. Also, do not open attachments from untrusted emails.

For specific update instructions and additional details see the Mitsubishi Electric advisory.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time. This vulnerability has a high attack complexity.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• July 18, 2024: Initial Publication